WikiDer > Jinsiy orientatsiya demografikasi

Demographics of sexual orientation
Jinsiy orientatsiya
Jinsiy yo'nalishlar
Ikkilik bo'lmagan toifalar
Tadqiqot
Odam bo'lmagan hayvonlar
Tegishli mavzular
Qismi bir qator kuni
LGBT mavzular
      
lezbiyen ∙ gomoseksual ∙ biseksual ∙ transgender
LGBT.svg portali LGBT portali

Uchun taxminlar va farq lezbiyen, gomoseksual va biseksual (LGB) aholi qarama-qarshilik va munozaralarga duch kelmoqda. Aniq raqamlarni olish jinsiy orientatsiya demografikasi turli xil sabablarga ko'ra, shu jumladan tadqiqot savollarining mohiyatiga ko'ra qiyin.

Tadqiqotlarning aksariyati jinsiy orientatsiya o'z-o'zini hisobot ma'lumotlariga tayanishi, bu tadqiqotchilar uchun nozik mavzuni o'rganishda qiyinchiliklar tug'diradi. Eng muhimi, tadqiqotlar ikki qator savollarni tug'diradi. Bir to'plam bir jinsli jinsiy tajribalar va diqqatga sazovor joylar, boshqa to'plam esa shaxsiy identifikatsiya ma'lumotlarini o'z-o'zidan hisobot sifatida ko'rib chiqadi gomoseksual yoki biseksual. Umuman olganda, ozgina tadqiqot sub'ektlari gomoseksual yoki biseksual deb tan olishadi, jinsiy aloqada bo'lganligi yoki bir jinsdagi odamga jalb qilinganligi haqida xabar berishdan ko'ra.

Mamlakatlarda jinsiy orientatsiyani o'rganish bo'yicha bir qator tadqiqotlar qiyosiy istiqbollarni beradi. AQShning bir nechta shaharlaridagi aholi sonini taqqoslaydigan jadvallar ham kiritilgan. Biroq, ko'plab odamlar heteroseksual me'yordan tashqarida hisobot bermasliklari yoki o'zlarining o'ziga xos so'zlari bilan jinsiyligini aniqlashlari mumkin emasligi sababli, LGB populyatsiyasining miqdorini aniq anglash qiyin. So'rov o'tkazilayotganda foydalanilayotgan so'rovnomaning turi va mavzuni belgilash turi ham mavzu bergan javobga ta'sir qilishi mumkin.

Umumiy topilmalar

2016 yilgi adabiyotlarni ko'rib chiqishda Beyli va boshq. ularning ta'kidlashicha, "barcha madaniyatlarda shaxslarning aksariyati jinsiy aloqada boshqa jinsga moyil bo'lishadi (ya'ni, heteroseksual) va faqat ozchilik shaxslar bir xil jinsga moyil bo'lishadi (faqat yoki faqat bo'lmagan holda)." " Ularning ta'kidlashicha, jinsiy orientatsiya demografikasi vaqt yoki makon bo'yicha juda xilma-xil bo'lganligi to'g'risida ishonchli dalillar mavjud emas.[1] Biseksualizm bir xil yoki qarama-qarshi jinsga nisbatan turli darajadagi nisbiy tortishishlarga ega.[1][2][3] Erkaklar ikkala jinsga ham bir xil darajada jalb qilinganidan ko'ra, faqat gomoseksual bo'lish ehtimoli ko'proq, aksincha ayollar uchun.[1][2][3]

G'arbiy madaniyatlarda o'tkazilgan so'rovnomalar o'rtacha 93% erkak va 87% ayollar butunlay heteroseksual, 4% erkaklar va 10% ayollar asosan heteroseksual, 0,5% erkaklar va 1% ayollar teng biseksual ekanligini aniqladilar. , Erkaklarning 0,5% va ayollarning 0,5% asosan gomoseksual, erkaklarning 2% va ayollarning 0,5% gomoseksual.[1] 67 ta tadqiqotlar tahlili shuni ko'rsatdiki, erkaklar o'rtasida jinsiy hayotning tarqalishi (yo'nalishidan qat'iy nazar) Sharqiy Osiyo uchun 3-5%, Janubiy va Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo uchun 6-12%, Sharqiy Evropa uchun 6-15% va 6- Lotin Amerikasi uchun 20%.[4] The Xalqaro OIV / OITS alyansi ning dunyo bo'ylab tarqalishini taxmin qilmoqda erkaklar bilan jinsiy aloqada bo'lgan erkaklar 3 dan 16% gacha.[5]

Mamlakatlar bo'yicha

Avstraliya

2001–2002

Avstraliyadagi o'sha paytdagi eng katta va puxta so'rovnoma 2001/2002 yillarda 16 yoshdan 59 yoshgacha bo'lgan 19 307 respondent bilan telefon orqali suhbat orqali o'tkazildi. Tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, erkaklarning 97,4% heteroseksual, 1,6% gomoseksual va 0,9% biseksual deb aniqladilar. Ayollar uchun 97,7% heteroseksual, 0,8% esa aniqlangan lezbiyen va 1,4% biseksual sifatida. Shunga qaramay, erkaklarning 8,6% va ayollarning 15,1% bir xil jinsga yoki bir xil jinsdagi jinsiy tajribaga jalb qilish tuyg'usini bildirgan.[6] Umuman olganda, ayollarning 8,6% va erkaklarning 5,9% o'z hayotlarida gomoseksual tajribani qayd etishdi; jinsiy bo'lmagan tajriba chiqarib tashlanganida, bu ko'rsatkichlar mos ravishda 5,7% va 5,0% gacha tushdi.[7] Bir jinsli jinsiy aloqada bo'lgan erkaklarning yarmi va ayollarning uchdan ikki qismi o'zlarini gomoseksual emas, balki heteroseksual deb hisoblashgan.[8]

2012-2013

Yuqoridagi tadqiqot bo'yicha yangilanish; u xuddi shu metodologiyani qo'llaydi, kattaroq namunaga ega (20 055 respondent),[9] va kengroq respondentlarning yoshi (16-69). Tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, barcha namunalarning 96,5% (yoki erkaklarning 96,8% va ayollarning 96,3%) heteroseksual deb topilgan, bu 2003 yildagi natijalardan (97,5%) pasayish.[10] Gomoseksuallar erkaklar populyatsiyasining 1,9% ni va ayollarning 1,2% ni tashkil etdi, bu jinslar o'rtasidagi farq. Biseksuallar erkaklar aholisining 1,3 foizini va ayollarning 2,2 foizini tashkil etdi. Ayollar erkaklarnikiga qaraganda ikki jinsli ekanliklarini aniqlashga ko'proq moyil edilar va faqat boshqa jinsdagi yoki bir jinsli ayollarning jalb etilishi va tajribasi haqida kamroq xabar berishlari mumkin edi. Xuddi shunday, ko'proq ayollar bir jinsdagi tajriba va bir jinsga jalb qilish haqida xabar berishdi. Erkaklarning to'qqiz foizida va ayollarning 19 foizida bir xil jinsiy aloqada bo'lish yoki tajribaga ega bo'lganlar. 2001-2002 yillarga qaraganda ko'proq lezbiyen yoki biseksual deb topilgan ayollar. Gomoseksual / gey identifikatori ko'proq ma'lumotga ega bo'lgan va shaharlarda yashovchi erkaklar orasida, ko'k rangli ish bilan shug'ullanadigan erkaklar orasida kamroq tarqalgan. Erkaklar va ayollar biseksualligi 20 yoshgacha bo'lgan respondentlar orasida ko'proq tarqalgan bo'lib, oltmish yoshdagi erkaklar orasida ham erkaklar biseksualligi haddan tashqari ko'p bo'lgan.[9]

2014

14 yoshdan oshgan 180,000 avstraliyaliklar bilan suhbatda, Roy Morgan tadqiqotlari 2014 yilda erkaklarning 4,1% va ayollarning 2,8% gomoseksual deb tanilganligini xabar qildi. Erkaklar barcha yosh guruhlarida gomoseksuallar orasida ayollar sonidan ko'p edi. Ikkala jins uchun ham, gomoseksual deb topilgan ulush 20-29 yosh guruhida eng yuqori edi.[11][12]

Avstriya

2018 yilgi bir tadqiqot natijalariga ko'ra, Avstriyada LGB deb tan olganlarning ulushi 6,2% (erkaklar uchun 5,5% va ayollar uchun 6,8%).[13]

Braziliya

1998

18 yoshdan 60 yoshgacha bo'lgan 2.054 braziliyaliklarning namunasida Datafolha so'rov o'tkazuvchisi shuni aniqladiki, 14% (yoki erkaklarning 15% va ayollarning 13%) hech bo'lmaganda bir jinsli jinsiy aloqani his qiladi, 70% esa bunday jozibadorlikni sezmagan; qolgan 16% savolga javob bermadi. Braziliyaliklarning 74 foizi hech qachon gomoseksualizmni boshdan kechirmaganliklarini, 16 foizi savolga javob berishdan bosh tortganliklarini, 9 foizi esa gomoseksual tajribaga ega ekanliklarini aytdilar. Gomoseksual tajribaga ega bo'lgan foiz erkaklar orasida (14%) ayollarga qaraganda (5%), ko'proq rasmiy ma'lumotga ega bo'lganlar (15%), turmush qurmaganlar (12%) va shimoli-sharqiylar (11%) orasida yuqori bo'lgan. Diniy bo'lmaganlar (18%) va Elliginchi protestantlar (11%) katoliklarga qaraganda (8%) gomoseksual tajribani boshdan kechirgan.[14]

2013

Ibopedagi 2363 nafar braziliyalik namunasi bilan o'tkazilgan so'rovda Internet foydalanuvchilarning milliy vakolatliligi uchun og'irligi, 83% o'zlarini heteroseksual, 7% gomoseksual, 5% biseksual, 1% boshqa deb e'lon qildi va 4% o'z yo'nalishini oshkor qilishdan bosh tortdi. Gey yoki biseksual deb belgilangan ayollardan ikki baravar ko'p erkak internet foydalanuvchilari (16% va 8%). 18-29 yoshdagi odamlar heteroseksual bo'lmagan (15%), keyin 30-49 yoshdagi odamlar (10%) aniqlanishadi. 50 va undan yuqori yoshdagi aholining atigi 5% o'zlarini gey yoki biseksual deb bilishadi. Heteroseksual bo'lmaganlar orasida 42% heteroseksual aholining 13% bilan taqqoslaganda, ularning dinlari yo'qligini aytdi. B sinf (o'rta sinf) heteroseksual bo'lmaganlarning eng yuqori foiziga ega (14%), undan keyin A sinf (yuqori sinf, 11%). C va D sinflarida (quyi - o'rta va quyi sinflar) 10% gey va biseksuallar bo'lgan. Braziliya mintaqalari orasida, Shimoliy Braziliya heteroseksual bo'lmaganlarning eng past foiziga ega edi (2%). Boshqa barcha mintaqalarda foizlar 10 foizdan yuqori yoki undan yuqori bo'lgan Markaziy-G'arbiy eng yuqori ko'rsatkich (14%).[15]

Kanada

1988

25 yoshgacha bo'lgan 5,514 kollej va universitet talabalari o'rtasida o'tkazilgan tadqiqot natijasida 1% gomoseksual va 1% biseksual bo'lganlar aniqlandi.[16]

2012

In interfaol ovozli javob 5.7% gey, lezbiyen, biseksual yoki transseksual deb topilgan, taxminan 2700 kanadalikni telefon orqali o'rganish. 18-34 yoshdagi kanadaliklar LGBT (11,1%) ekanligini eski qavsdagilarga qaraganda (2,6-3,4%) aniqlashga ancha moyil edilar.[17]

2003–2014 - Kanada aholisi sog'lig'ini o'rganish
Gey / lezbiyenBiseksualJami
2003[18]1%0.7%1.7%
2005[19]1.1%0.8%1.9%
2007[20]——2.1%
2009[21]1.1%0.9%—
2012[22]1.3%1.1%—
2014[23]1.7%1.3%—
2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra, kanadalik ayollarning 8 foizini gey yoki biseksual deb bilishadi.[24]

Daniya

1992

Tasodifiy tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatdiki, ularning so'rovnomasiga javob bergan 1,373 erkaklarning 2,7% gomoseksual tajribaga ega (jinsiy aloqa).[25]

Frantsiya

1992

20 055 kishini tadqiq qilish shuni ko'rsatdiki, erkaklarning 4,1% va ayollarning 2,6% hayoti davomida bir xil jinsdagi odam bilan kamida bitta jinsiy aloqada bo'lgan.[26][27]

2011

7841 nafar frantsuz kattalari tomonidan o'tkazilgan milliy vakolatli onlayn so'rovnomada IFOP 2011 yil boshida respondentlarning 6,6% gomoseksual (3,6%) yoki biseksual (3%), 90,8% heteroseksual deb tan olishdi. Heteroseksual populyatsiya bilan taqqoslaganda, gomoseksual populyatsiya erkaklar, yolg'iz va 65 yoshdan kichik, shuningdek yolg'iz yashash imkoniyatiga ega edi. Gomoseksuallar iqtisodiy jihatdan faolroq bo'lib, "yuqori intellektual kasblar" da ishlaydilar, ammo o'rtacha o'rtacha uy xo'jaliklarining daromadlari kamroq edi. Shuningdek, ular katta shaharlarda, ayniqsa Parijda istiqomat qilishlari mumkin edi. Biseksual populyatsiyada heteroseksual populyatsiyadan statistik jihatdan kamroq og'ish bor edi, ular ba'zi o'lchovlar bo'yicha heteroseksuallarga, boshqalarga nisbatan gomoseksuallarga o'xshash yoki ba'zilarida o'rta nuqtada bo'lishgan. Biroq, ular boshqa ikki guruhga qaraganda 18-24 yoshda bo'lishlari mumkin edi. Gomoseksuallar singari, ular ham turmush qurmaslik ehtimoli ko'proq bo'lgan.[28]

Xuddi shu yili o'tkazilgan 9,515 nafar frantsuz kattalari o'rtasida o'tkazilgan boshqa IFOP so'rovida namunaning 6,5% gomoseksual (3%) yoki biseksual (3,5%) deb aniqlandi. LGBlar orasida erkaklar ayollardan 2 dan 1 gacha ko'p edi.[29]

2014

10 mingga yaqin respondent ishtirokidagi so'rovnoma asosida[30] IFOP frantsuzlarning 90% heteroseksual, 3% biseksual, 4% o'zlarini gomoseksual deb bilishadi. Ikki foiz o'zlarining jinsiy aloqalari uchun ta'rifni qabul qilmaganliklarini va 1% javob berishni xohlamaganliklarini aytishadi. Erkaklarga qaraganda ko'proq ayollar heteroseksualdir (93%) ga qarshi Ayollarga qaraganda ko'proq erkaklar gomoseksual (7% v. 1%) va ozroq darajada biseksual (4% v. 2%) ekanligini aniqlaydilar. Gomoseksual yoki biseksual identifikatsiya 50-64 yoshdagi (6%) yoki 65 yoshdan (4%) yoshdagilarga qaraganda 18-49 yoshda (9%) ko'proq uchraydi. Gomoseksual yoki biseksual deb belgilangan munosabatlardagi odamlarga qaraganda ko'proq turmush qurganlar (11%, 6%). LGB identifikatsiyasi, shuningdek, 10 dan ortiq jinsiy sherik bo'lgan yoki umuman jinsiy tajribaga ega bo'lganlarga nisbatan umuman yo'qligini aytgan odamlar orasida keng tarqalgan. Katoliklar heteroseksual (91%), boshqa dinda yoki hech qanday dinda emasligini aytgan odamlarga qaraganda (91 foiz) ko'proq aniqlanadi.[31]

2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra frantsuz ayollarining 4% gey yoki biseksual deb tan olishadi.[24] 25 yoshdan kichik bo'lgan ayollar toifasida 9% biseksual, 1% lesbiyan.[32]

Ning boshqa IFOP so'rovida Parij aholisi, erkaklarning 79% va ayollarning 90% heteroseksual, erkaklarning 13% va ayollarning 1% gomoseksual, erkaklarning 6% va ayollarning 4% biseksual.[33]

Germaniya

2015

Yougovning so'zlariga ko'ra,[34] quyida nemis kattalari qanday qilib taqsimlanadi Kinsey shkalasi (yoshga qarab):

Nemislarning jinsiy yo'nalishi (N = 1,122)
Yosh toifasiEksklyuziv heteroseksualizmGomoseksual jalb qilish bilan tasodifiy heteroseksualizmUmumiy gomoseksual jalb qilish bilan ustun bo'lgan heteroseksualizmBiseksualizmUmumiy heteroseksual tortishish bilan ustun bo'lgan gomoseksualizmTasodifiy heteroseksual tortishish bilan ustun bo'lgan gomoseksualizmEksklyuziv gomoseksualizmBilmayman
Barcha kattalar63%10%5%4%1%1%3%13%
18-24 yoshdagi kattalar45%20%11%5%1%2%2%13%
2016

2500 dan ortiq nemislar (55% ayol) bilan o'tkazilgan milliy vakillik, yuzma-yuz o'tkazilgan so'rovda erkaklarning 86% va ayollarning 82% faqat heteroseksual, 3% erkaklar va 4% ayollar asosan ekanligi aniqlandi. heteroseksual, har bir jinsning 1% o'zlarini biseksual, 1,5% esa asosan yoki faqat gomoseksual deb e'lon qildi. Boshqa jinsiy yo'nalishlar erkaklarning 3% va ayollarning 4% tomonidan bildirilgan. Har bir jinsning bir foizi noaniq edi. Erkaklarning to'rt foizi va ayollarning 7 foizi javob bermadi.[35]

2017

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra nemis ayollarining 5% gey yoki biseksual deb tan olishadi.[24]

Vengriya

2018 yildagi tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, Vengriyada LGBT deb tan olganlarning ulushi 1,5 foizni tashkil etdi.[13]

Islandiya

2005 yildagi taxminlarga ko'ra Islandiyada gomoseksual bo'lgan aholining ulushi sifatida taxminan 6,9% tashkil etgan.[36]

Irlandiya

2006

Tomonidan o'tkazilgan 7,441 kishining javoblarini o'rganish ESRI, erkaklarning 2,7% va ayollarning 1,2% o'zlarini gomoseksual yoki biseksual deb tanishganligini aniqladilar. Variantiga asoslangan savol Kinsey shkalasi erkaklarning 5,3% va ayollarning 5,8% bir xil jinsiy aloqada bo'lishlari haqida xabar berishdi. So'ralganlarning 7,1% erkaklar va 4,7% ayollar shu paytgacha hayotlarida bir muncha vaqt gomoseksual tajriba haqida xabar berishdi. Shuningdek, erkaklarning 4,4% va ayollarning 1,4% hayotlarida shu paytgacha "jinsiy a'zolar bilan jinsiy aloqada bo'lish tajribasi" (og'zaki yoki anal jinsiy aloqa yoki boshqa jinsiy aloqalar) haqida xabar berishgan.[37] Tadqiqot Inqirozli Homiladorlik Agentligi tomonidan hamkorlikda buyurtma qilingan va nashr etilgan Sog'liqni saqlash va bolalar bo'limi.

Isroil

2012

18 yoshdan 44 yoshgacha bo'lgan Isroil yahudiy aholisining namunali vakilida erkaklarning 11,3% va ayollarning 15,2% o'zlarini bir jinsga jalb qilganliklari, 10,2% va 8,7% umr bo'yi bir jinslar bilan uchrashganliklari haqida xabar berishgan. 8,2% va 4,8% o'zlarini gomoseksual yoki biseksual erkaklar va lezbiyen yoki biseksual ayollar deb aniqladilar. Geteroseksual bo'lmagan shaxs ko'proq tarqalgan edi Tel-Aviv mamlakatning boshqa joylariga qaraganda va erkaklar orasida bu yoshlik bilan ham bog'liq edi.[38]

2015

So'rovnomada Kinsey shkalasi, 4,5% dindor bo'lmagan isroilliklar o'lchov bo'yicha 5 yoki 6-bandlarda o'zlarini joylashtirdilar, bu gomoseksual yo'nalishni kichik yoki mavjud bo'lmagan qarama-qarshi jinslar bilan jalb qilishni va 91,5% o'zlarini 0 yoki 1-bandlarda joylashtirganligini ko'rsatmoqda, bu esa heteroseksual yo'nalishni bildiradi. kichik yoki mavjud bo'lmagan bir jinsli jalb qilish bilan. 18 yoshdan 24 yoshgacha bo'lgan yosh kattalar toifasida 7,4% o'zlarini Kinsey 5 yoki 6 ballga, 80% 0 yoki 1 punktlarga joylashtirdilar. Aholining ko'pligi bilan taqqoslaganda ko'proq yosh kattalar Kinseyning 3-bandiga joylashdilar. shkalasi, ya'ni har ikki jinsga ham teng jalb qilish (4,2%) ga qarshi 1%) va 2-bandda asosan gomoseksual jalb bilan heteroseksual yo'nalishni anglatadi (7,4% va 2,3%). Kinsey o'lchovining 4-bandi, asosan, heteroseksual jalb qilish bilan bog'liq bo'lgan gomoseksual yo'nalishni ko'rsatib, yosh kattalar va barcha kattalardagi ulushni o'z ichiga olgan (1,1%, 0,7%).[39]

Italiya

2011

Tomonidan o'tkazilgan 7,725 italiyalik (18–74 yosh) o'rtasida o'tkazilgan tasodifiy so'rov Milliy statistika instituti 2011 yil iyun va dekabr oylari orasida CAPI texnikasi[40] aholining taxminan 2,4% gomoseksual yoki biseksual, 77% heteroseksual, 0,1% transseksual, 4% "boshqa" deb e'lon qilinganligini e'lon qildi, 15,6% javob bermadi. Hayoti davomida bir jinsli shaxsga muhabbat qo'ygan yoki uni sevib qolgan yoki bir jinsli shaxs bilan jinsiy aloqada bo'lgan barcha odamlarni o'z ichiga olgan kengaytirilgan so'rovnoma ushbu foizni aholining 6,7 foizigacha oshiradi. Ayollarga qaraganda ko'proq erkaklar, shimoliylar janubdagilarga qaraganda, yoshi kattaroq yoshdagilarga qaraganda o'zlarini gomoseksuallar deb bilishadi. So'rovda Italiyaning 660 ta munitsipalitetiga tarqalgan 7725 ta oila a'zolari qatnashdilar.[41]

2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra, italiyalik ayollarning 1% gey yoki biseksual deb tan olishadi.[24]

Yaponiya

2012

Dentsu guruhi tomonidan o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra yaponlarning 5,2 foizini LGBT tashkil etadi.[42]

2015

Dentsu-ning Yaponiyaning LGBT aholisi uchun yangi hisob-kitobi 20 yoshdan 59 yoshgacha bo'lgan odamlar uchun 7,6% ni tashkil etdi.[43]

2018

Dentsu-ning Yaponiyaning LGBT aholisi uchun yangi hisob-kitobi 20 yoshdan 59 yoshgacha bo'lgan odamlar uchun 8,9% ni tashkil etdi.[44]

Meksika

2017

Tomonidan tashkil etilgan milliy vakillik tadqiqotiga ko'ra Kantar TNS, 18 yoshdan 30 yoshgacha bo'lgan meksikalik erkaklarning 88% heteroseksual, 6% gomoseksual, 5% biseksual va 1% boshqalar.[45]

Gollandiya

2001

Gollandiyalik umumiy amaliyot tadqiqotlari tomonidan o'tkazilgan yuzma-yuz so'rovda, 4229 erkakning jinsiy orientatsiya savoliga aniq javobi bor, ularning 1,5% gey, 0,6% biseksual va 97,9% heteroseksual deb tanilgan. . 5,282 ayollarning 1,5% o'zlarini gey, 1,2% biseksual va 97,3% heteroseksual deb tanishtirgan.[46]

2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra Gollandiyalik ayollarning 8 foizi gey yoki biseksual ekanligini aniqladilar.[24]

Yangi Zelandiya

2007

Tomonidan o'tkazilgan 8000 Yangi Zelandiya o'rta maktab o'quvchilari o'rtasida o'tkazilgan anonim so'rovda Oklend universiteti, So'rovda qatnashganlarning 0,9% bir jinsga eksklyuziv, 3,3% ikkala jinsga, 1,8% esa ikkalasiga ham jalb qilinganligi haqida xabar berishdi.[47]

1993–2011

Dunedin Multidisiplinary Health and Development Study istiqbolli tadqiqot bo'lib, 1972 yoki 1973 yillarda tug'ilgan 1000 ga yaqin yangi zelandiyaliklarning jinsiy xulq-atvori, o'ziga jalb etilishi va shaxsiyatidagi o'zgarishlarni ko'rib chiqdi. Namunalar birinchi marta 1993 yilda, 21 yoshida va yana yoshlarida intervyu oldilar. 26, 32 va 38, 2010/2011 yillarda. Tadqiqotda 21 yoshdan (88,3%) 26 yoshgacha (82,5%) o'zgacha eksklyuziv heteroseksual jalb haqida xabar bergan ayollar ulushining kuchli pasayishi aniqlandi, ammo 32 yoshda (84,2%) va yana 38 yoshda (87,6). %). Aksincha, erkaklar orasida o'z-o'zini hisobot qiluvchi eksklyuziv heteroseksual jalb qilish ulushi 21 yoshdan (94,9%) va 32 yoshgacha (94,2%) asosan barqaror bo'lib, 38 yoshgacha (92,9%) kamaydi. Jinsiy identifikatsiya faqat 32 va 38 yoshda baholandi. 32 yoshda ayollarning 0,9% va erkaklarning 1,3% o'zini gomoseksual deb atashdi, ayollarning 2,9% va erkaklarning 1,7% biseksual. Bundan tashqari, ayollarning 1,5% va erkaklarning 2,2% "boshqa" deb tanilgan. 38 yoshida ayollarning 1,1 foizi va erkaklarning 1,7 foizi o'zlarini gomoseksual ayol deb bilishadi, ayollarning 2,6 foizi va erkaklarning 3 foizi biseksual, shu bilan birga ayollarning 1,1 foizi va erkaklarning 0,2 foizi “boshqa” deb tan olgan. Jinsiy tortishish erkaklarnikiga qaraganda ayollar uchun ko'proq o'zgargan bo'lsa-da, erkaklar o'rtasidagi o'zgarishlar ko'proq gomoseksualizmga to'g'ri keldi, 26 yoshdan o'tgan ayollar o'rtasidagi o'zgarishlar har ikki yo'nalishda ham teng ravishda sodir bo'ldi (ya'ni, geteroseksual jalb qilishning ko'pligi va kamroqligi). Tadqiqotchilar 1990 va 2000 yillarda G'arbda gomoseksualizm, ayniqsa ayol gomoseksualizm ijtimoiy jihatdan maqbulroq bo'lishiga qarab, o'zgarishlarning yoshi ta'siridan madaniy ta'sirigacha bo'lgan bir necha omillarni muhokama qildilar.[48]

2013-2014

14 mingdan ziyod odam bilan o'zlarining jinsiy orientatsiyasi to'g'risida intervyu bergan Yangi Zelandiya munosabatlari va qadriyatlarini o'rganish bo'yicha beshinchi to'lqin natijalariga ko'ra, Yangi Zelandiyaliklarning 94,2% heteroseksual, 2,6% gey yoki lezbiyen, 1,8% biseksual, 0,6% kabi ikkilamchi, 0,5% pansexualva 0,3% jinssiz.[49] Yangi Zelandiyaliklarning heteroseksual (erkaklarning 94,1% va ayollarning 94,4%) yoki pansexual (erkak va ayollarning 0,5%) ekanligini aniqlagan ulushida jinsi farqlari topilmadi, ammo erkaklar gey (3,5%) ekanligini aniqladilar. ayollarga qaraganda (1,8%), ayollar erkaklarnikiga qaraganda ikki jinsli ekanligini aniqlashgan (2,1%). ga qarshi 1,5%), ikkilamchi (0,7% v. 0,4%) va jinssiz (0,4% v. 0,1%). Barcha heteroseksual bo'lmagan toifadagi ayollar, heteroseksual toifadagi ayollarga qaraganda ancha yosh edilar. Gey, biseksual va biseksual toifadagi erkaklar ham heteroseksual erkaklarga qaraganda ancha yosh edilar.[50]

Norvegiya

1988

6300 nafar norvegiyaliklar o'rtasida o'tkazilgan tasodifiy so'rovda erkaklarning 3,5% va ayollarning 3% o'z hayotlarida gomoseksualizm bilan shug'ullanganliklari haqida xabar berishdi.[51]

2003

2003 yilda o'rta maktab o'quvchilaridan iborat 1971 yilda o'tkazilgan anonim so'rovda, 1% o'zini erkak do'sti borligini va 2% erkakni sevib qolganligini bildirgan.[52]

Filippinlar

Asosiy maqola: Filippindagi LGBT madaniyati

2013 yilda o'tkazilgan yosh kattalar unumdorligi va shahvoniylik bo'yicha so'rovnoma Filippin universiteti yoshlarning 96,2% o'zlarini to'g'ri / heteroseksual deb ta'riflashlarini aniqladilar. 2,1% o'zlarini gey yoki lezbiyen deb ta'riflagan, 1,7% esa ikki jinsli. Erkaklarning 2,4% o'zlarini gey, 1,8% ayollar o'zlarini lezbiyen deb ta'rifladilar.[53]

Polsha

Voyaga etgan polyaklarning ko'ngillilar asosida o'tkazilgan tadqiqotlari shuni ko'rsatdiki, turli xil so'rov usullari gomoseksual jalb qilishni tan olgan odamlar ulushida sezilarli farqlarni keltirib chiqaradi. Qog'ozga asoslangan so'rovlarda respondentlarning 6% o'zlarini bir jinsli ayollarning jalb qilishlari haqida xabar berishgan, 12% onlayn respondentlarga nisbatan. Jinsiy hayotning boshqa jihatlarida boshqa sezilarli farqlar mavjud emas edi va ko'ngillilarning ikkita to'plami yoshi, ma'lumoti va geografik joylashuvi jihatidan o'xshash edi.[54]

Boshqa bir tadqiqot shuni ko'rsatdiki, polshaliklarning 4,9% LGBT deb tanilgan (erkaklar uchun 5,5% va ayollar uchun 4,3%).[13]

Portugaliya

2005 yilda Eurosondagem tomonidan haftalik milliy gazeta uchun o'tkazilgan milliy so'rov Expresso, Portugaliyaliklarning taxminan 9,9% (1 million) gomoseksual ekanligini aniqladi. Ushbu tadqiqot anonim va maxfiy so'rovnomalardan foydalangan. 15 yoshdan katta odamlar uchun 7% gomoseksual, 2,9% biseksual va 90,1% heteroseksual ekanligini bildirgan. Gomoseksual yoki biseksual ekanliklarini ko'rsatadiganlar orasida erkaklar (7,3% va 2,8%) va ayollar (6,8% va 3%) o'rtasida katta farq yo'q edi. Portugaliyadagi LGB odamlarning atigi 50% i jinsiy yo'nalishini ijtimoiy jihatdan ochiq bilishadi.[55]

2012 yilda shu haftalik gazetada o'tkazilgan yana bir so'rovda 1820 yoshdan oshgan 1220 respondent ishtirok etgan bo'lib, jinsiy aloqa to'g'risida 100 ta so'rov o'tkazildi. Ular 77,5% faqat heteroseksual, 2,1% asosan heteroseksual, 0,6% biseksual, 0,4% asosan gomoseksual va 1,6% faqat gomoseksual ekanligini aniqladilar. 17,8% o'zlarining jinsiy orientatsiyasi haqida javob bermaslikni afzal ko'rishgan. Heteroseksual deb topganlarning 5,7% allaqachon o'pganligini, 1,3% jozibadorlikni his qilganini va 1% allaqachon bir xil jinsdagi odam bilan jinsiy aloqada bo'lganligini ta'kidlagan.[56]

Janubiy Afrika

2016-yilgi hisobotda: "Progressive Prudes: Gomoseksualizmga munosabat va jinsdagi nomuvofiqlikni o'rganish" Janubiy Afrika"Boshqa fond" tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan va Inson fanlari bo'yicha ilmiy kengash, 530,000 erkaklar va ayollar barcha aholi guruhlaridan, ham qishloq, ham shahar aholisidan va yosh guruhlari bo'yicha o'zlarini yoki gomoseksual, biseksual, yoki jinsga mos kelmaydigan.[57]

Ispaniya

2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra Ispaniyalik ayollarning 9% gey yoki biseksual ekanligini aniqladilar.[24]

2017 yil "Barometro nazorati" so'rovi

2017 yilda o'tkazilgan va 18 yoshdan 35 yoshgacha bo'lgan Ispaniya aholisining vakili bo'lgan Barometro Control jinsiy xulq-atvor tadqiqotining oltinchi nashri shuni ko'rsatdiki, yosh ispaniyalik kattalarning 89% heteroseksual, 6% erkak gomoseksual, 3% gomoseksual ayol, 2% esa biseksual.[58]

Shvetsiya

2003

2003 yilda o'tkazilgan 1 988 nafar erkak o'rta maktab o'quvchilari o'rtasida o'tkazilgan anonim so'rovda, respondentlar 5-bandda raqamni tanlab, bir jinsli jinsiy aloqaga oid savolga javob berishdi. Likert shkalasi (1 = yo'q va 5 = kuchli). 5 raqamini belgilaganlar namunaning 4 foizini va tadqiqotchilar tomonidan o'zini o'zi hisobot beradigan “ba'zi” bir jinslilarning jalb etilishi sifatida taqdim etgan 3 yoki 4 raqamlarini belgilaganlar 7 foizni tashkil etdi.[52]

Tailand

2018

LGBT Capital-ning 2018 yilgi hisob-kitoblariga ko'ra, Tailandda taxminan 4,2 million LGBT odam bor edi, bu o'sha yili mamlakat aholisining 2,8 foizini tashkil qiladi.[59]

Birlashgan Qirollik

Buyuk Britaniyada jinsiy identifikatsiya, 2012 yil.
1992

Britaniyalik 8337 erkakni o'rganish natijasida 6,1% "gomoseksual tajriba" va 3,6% "gomoseksual turmush o'rtog'i" bo'lganligi aniqlandi.[60]

2005

HM G'aznachiligi va Savdo va sanoat departamenti hukumatga Fuqarolik sherikliklari to'g'risidagi qonunning moliyaviy oqibatlarini (masalan, pensiya, meros va soliq imtiyozlari) tahlil qilishda yordam berish uchun so'rovnomani yakunladi. Ular 3,6 million gey odamlar bor degan xulosaga kelishdi Britaniya- umumiy aholining 6 foizini yoki 16,66 kishidan bittasini tashkil etadi.[61]

2008

O'z-o'zidan to'ldirilgan so'rovnomadan foydalangan holda 1000 ga yaqin britaniyaliklar o'rtasida o'tkazilgan so'rovda jami namunaning 2% biseksual, 4% gomoseksual va 92% heteroseksual deb aniqlandi.[62]

2009

75,000 dan ortiq bo'lgan onlayn so'rovda YouGov Britaniyadagi panelistlar, 90,9% heteroseksual, 5,8% gey, lezbiyen yoki biseksual, 1,3% javob bermaslikni tanladilar va 2,1% boshqa sabablarni aytdilar.[63] Tanlov yoshi, jinsi, bandligi va ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy tasnifi kabi demografik o'zgaruvchilar bo'yicha umumiy Britaniya aholisini yaqindan moslashtirish uchun jalb qilingan.[63] Erkaklar orasida 89% atrofida heteroseksual, 5,5% gey va 2,5% biseksual deb topilgan. To'g'ri ayollar umumiy ayollarning 93 foizini, lezbiyanlar 1,4 foizni, biseksual ayollar esa 2,3 foizni tashkil etdi. "Boshqa" deb nomlangan har bir jinsning ikki foizidan sal ko'proq va 1% dan sal ko'proq jinsiy yo'nalishni ko'rsatishni xohlamadilar. Geteroseksual bo'lmaganlar yoshroq bo'lishga moyil edilar va bu, ayniqsa, o'rtacha yoshi 32 va 36 bo'lgan biseksual ayollar va gey erkaklarga tegishli bo'lib, heteroseksuallar orasida o'rtacha 47 ga teng edi. Etnik ozchiliklar gey yoki lezbiyen sifatida oq tanlilarga qaraganda kamroq (1,4% ga nisbatan 3,5%), ammo jinsiy orientatsiyasini oshkor qilmaslikni afzal ko'rishgan (7,5% va 0,9%). Jinsiy ozchiliklar mamlakatning ayrim hududlarida ko'proq joyga jamlanishga intilishdi London ayniqsa, bu erda gey erkaklar va lezbiyenlarning 27%, shuningdek, biseksuallarning 19% yashashgan, heteroseksuallarning atigi 14%. Ish bilan bandlik holati jinsiy orientatsiya bilan ham bog'liq edi, chunki tekis erkaklarga qaraganda ko'proq geylar doimiy ishlaydilar (to'rtdan uch qismi 57%) va ayollar orasida ham shunday bo'lgan (lezbiyanlar: 58%, to'g'ri ayollar: 41%). Xuddi shu tarzda, gey erkaklar (73%) va lezbiyanlar (66%) yuqori sinflar (ABC1 sinflari) orasida haddan tashqari ko'p bo'lgan, ammo heteroseksuallar va biseksuallar o'rtasidagi farq (54% va 58%) statistik jihatdan ahamiyatli emas edi. LGB odamlar, ayniqsa, lezbiyenlar ham o'rtacha yuqori ma'lumotga ega edilar.[63]

Tadqiqotda, heteroseksual bo'lmagan populyatsiyaning haqiqiy hajmini aniqlash uchun respondentlarga kuchli anonimlikni ta'minlash zarurligi ta'kidlandi, chunki heteroseksual respondentlarga qaraganda ko'proq LGB ular o'zlarining haqiqiy jinsiy orientatsiyasini yuzma-yuz ko'rsata olmasliklarini ko'rsatdi. o'z-o'zini boshqarish, onlayn so'rovga qaraganda yuzma-yuz intervyu.[64]

2014

Tomonidan o'tkazilgan anonim onlayn jinsiy so'rovda Kuzatuvchi inglizlarning jinsiy hayotida so'rovda qatnashgan 1052 namunaning 4% gey yoki lesbiyan, 4% esa biseksual deb topildi.[65]

2014

Milliy vakolatxonada Najot 1003 ingliz ayollarini o'rganish, ularning 92% heteroseksual, 1,6% gey yoki lezbiyen, 3,5% biseksual, 0,3% boshqalar, va 2,6% o'zlarining jinsiy yo'nalishini oshkor qilishdan bosh tortgan. Jinsiy orientatsiya yosh bilan bog'liq bo'lgan. 18-34 yoshdagi ming yillik ayollar 35-54 yoshdagi (1,4%) yoki keksa ayollarga (0,7%) nisbatan ikki jinsli (6,6%) ekanliklarini aniqladilar. Lezbiyen identifikatori uchun yosh farqlari kichikroq edi, ammo naqsh bir xil bo'lib, 1,9% yosh ayollar lezbiyen deb topdilar, o'rta yoshdagi 1,6% va keksa ayollarning 1,3%. Heteroseksual identifikatsiya qarama-qarshi modelga amal qilib, keksa ayollar orasida eng yuqori (95,3%) va Millenniallar orasida eng past (89,1%). Jinsiy o'ziga xoslik, shuningdek, befarqlik bilan juda bog'liq edi, 9,6% bolasiz ayollarni gomoseksual yoki biseksual deb bilishadi, voyaga etmagan bolalari bo'lgan ayollarning 3,6% va kattalar bolalari bo'lgan ayollarning 0,5%.[66]

2015

1632 kattalar orasida o'tkazilgan YouGov so'rovida 5,5% gey, 2,1% biseksual va 88,7% heteroseksual deb topildi.[67] O'zlarini joylashishni so'radi Kinsey shkalasi, 18-24 yoshdagi barcha kattalarning 72% va 46% kattalar nol ball to'pladilar, ya'ni ular umuman heteroseksual ekanligini aniqladilar. Umumiy namunalarning to'rt foizi va yosh kattalarning 6 foizi oltita ball to'pladilar, bu umuman gomoseksual shaxsni anglatadi.[68] Jinsiy tadqiqotchi Simon LeVay ushbu so'rovnomani ishonchsiz deb tanqid qildi, chunki respondentlar bunday emas tasodifiy namuna olingan butun aholidan.[2]

2009—2016 uy xo'jaliklarining integral so'rovi
[69]GeteroseksualGey / lezbiyenBiseksualBoshqalarBilmayman / Rad etaman / Javob yo'q
2009[70]94.2%0.9%0.5%0.5%3.8%
201094.0%1.0%0.5%0.4%4.3%
201193.9%1.1%0.4%0.3%4.2%
201294.4%1.1%0.5%0.3%3.8%
201393.6%1.1%0.5%0.3%4.5%
201493.8%1.1%0.5%0.3%4.3%
201593.7%1.1%0.6%0.4%4.1%
201693.4%1.2%0.8%0.5%4.1%

Barcha yillarda LGB identifikatori orasida eng keng tarqalganligi kuzatilgan London aholisi va 35 yoshgacha bo'lganlar. Gomoseksual identifikatsiya 2016 yilda erkaklar orasida (1,7%) ayollarga nisbatan ikki baravar ko'proq (0,7%) bo'lgan, biseksual identifikatsiya ayollarda (0,9%) erkaklarnikiga (0,6%) nisbatan ko'proq uchragan.

2016

Faqatgina ayollar uchun o'tkazilgan so'rov natijalariga ko'ra Britaniyalik ayollarning 4% gey yoki biseksual ekanligini aniqladilar.[24]

2016

Birlashgan Qirollikning Milliy statistika boshqarmasi [71] Aholining yillik so'rovnomasida Buyuk Britaniyaning 16 yoshdan katta aholisining 1 milliondan ortig'i (2,0%) Lesbian, Gey yoki Biseksual (LGB) deb belgilangan. Bu 2015 yildagi 1,7% dan statistik jihatdan sezilarli o'sishni ko'rsatdi.[72]

2017

A Najot 40-70 yoshdagi kattalar o'rtasida o'tkazilgan so'rovda 92,5% heteroseksual, 3,5% gey, 2,4% biseksual, 0,5% Other va 1% o'z jinsiy orientatsiyasini oshkor qilishni istamagan. 60 yoshdan kichik bo'lganlar, 60-70 yoshdagilarga qaraganda heteroseksual ekanligini aniqlay olishmadi. Erkaklar orasida gomoseksuallik (6,1%) ayollarga (1%) nisbatan tez-tez uchraydi, aksincha heteroseksualizmga tegishli (erkaklar: 89,9%, ayollar: 95%). Biseksual (2,4%) deb belgilaydigan ulushda farqlar topilmadi ga qarshi 2,5%). Londonda mamlakatning boshqa joylariga qaraganda gey (8%) yoki biseksual (6%) deb aniqlaydigan o'rta va undan katta yoshdagi odamlarning ulushi yuqori bo'lgan.[73]

2017

Tomonidan tashkil etilgan milliy vakillik tadqiqotiga ko'ra Kantar TNS, 18 yoshdan 30 yoshgacha bo'lgan Britaniyalik erkaklarning 87% heteroseksual, 7% gomoseksual, 5% biseksual va 2% boshqalar.[45]

2017 yilgi BBC avlodlari tadqiqotlari

An Ipsos MORI BBC nomidan so'rovnoma[74] 16-22 yoshli inglizlarning (shuningdek, shunday deb nomlanganligini) aniqladi Z avlodi) ga tegishli bo'lganlarga qaraganda faqat to'g'ri (66%) deb aniqlash uchun past koeffitsientlarga ega Ming yillik avlod (71%), X avlod (85%), yoki Bolalar boomerlari (88%). Z avlodida jinsiy identifikatsiyada bir nechta muhim gender farqlari mavjud edi: yosh erkaklar yosh ayollarga qaraganda (73% va 59%) to'liq heteroseksual ekanligini aniqladilar, ammo yosh ayollarning faqat to'g'ri emasligini aniqlash imkoniyati yuqori edi [19 %) va biseksual (14%) yosh erkaklarga nisbatan (mos ravishda 10% va 5%). Aksariyat yoki faqat gomoseksual (har bir jins uchun 5%) deb belgilaydigan ulushda sezilarli gender farqlari mavjud emas edi, ammo Z avlodlari erkaklar o'zlarining jinsiy yo'nalishini (7%) oshkor qilishdan bosh tortishgan (3%). . Faqatgina gomoseksual (3%) etnik ozchiliklarga (0%) nisbatan oq tanli yoshlar aniqlandi, ammo boshqa etnik farqlar topilmadi. Faqatgina heteroseksual yoshlar o'zlarini siyosatda juda faol yoki juda faol deb ta'riflashlari ehtimoldan yiroq edi, lekin ular Ming yilliklarga qaraganda yaxshiroq hayotdan zavqlanishlariga ishonishgan.

Kattalar orasida erkaklar (82%) va ayollarning (80%) faqat heteroseksual ekanligini aniqlaydigan ulushida farqlar bo'lmagan. Ammo erkaklarnikidan ko'ra ko'proq ayollar asosan heteroseksual (11% v.6%), erkaklarga qaraganda ko'proq erkaklar faqat gomoseksual (4% v. 2%) va asosan gomoseksual (2% v. 0.4%). Eksklyuziv heteroseksuallar ko'proq "ketish" ga ovoz berishgan 2016 yil Buyuk Britaniyada Evropa Ittifoqidan chiqish bo'yicha referendumHolbuki, "qolgan" saylovchilar orasida asosan heteroseksuallar va eksklyuziv gomoseksuallar juda ko'p bo'lgan.[75]

Qo'shma Shtatlar

Asosiy maqola: Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining LGBT demografik ma'lumotlari

Jinsiy orientatsiya demografikasi va jinsiy identifikatsiya Qo'shma Shtatlarda so'nggi o'n yilliklarda ijtimoiy fanlar bo'yicha tadqiqotlar olib borilmoqda. 2017 yil Gallup So'rov natijalariga ko'ra kattalar amerikaliklarning 4,5% deb belgilangan LGBT ayollarning 5,1% bilan LGBT, 3,9% erkaklar bilan solishtirganda.[76] 2016 yilda boshqacha so'rovnoma Uilyams instituti, taxminlarga ko'ra, AQShlik kattalarning 0,6% transgender ekanligini aniqlaydilar.[77]

Ma'lumotlar bo'yicha olim Set Stephens-Davidowitz gey erkaklarning haqiqiy tarqalishi AQShdagi shtatlar o'rtasida farq qilmaydi, chunki gey erkak pornografiyasini qidiradigan Internet pornografik ulushi barcha shtatlarda deyarli bir xil, taxminan 5%. Stefens-Devidovitsning ta'kidlashicha, mavjud bo'lgan shtatlarda a ijtimoiy tamg'a gomoseksualizmga qarshi, "tashqarida bo'lganlarga qaraganda ko'proq gey erkaklar shkafda".[78][79]

Yirik shaharlar

Braziliya

2009 yilda, tomonidan o'tkazilgan so'rovnomada San-Paulu universiteti 10 yilda Braziliya poytaxtlari, erkaklarning 7,8% gomoseksual va 2,6% tashkil etdi biseksual, jami 10,4%, ayollarning esa 4,9% lezbiyen va 1,4% tashkil etdi biseksual, jami 6,3%.[80][81]

Shahar erkaklaridan Rio-de-Janeyro, 19,3% tashkil etdi gomoseksual yoki biseksual. Shahar ayollaridan Manaus, 10,2% tashkil etdi lezbiyen va biseksual.[80]

ShaharFoiz
shahar
aholi (erkak)		Foiz
shahar
aholi (ayol)
Belu-Uizonti9.2%4.5%
Braziliya10.8%5.1%
Kuyaba8.7%2.6%
Kuritiba7.5%5.7%
Fortaleza10.6%8.1%
Manaus6.5%10.2%
Portu Alegre7.1%4.8%
Rio-de-Janeyro19.3%9.3%
Salvador9.6%6.5%
San-Paulu9.4%7%

Qo'shma Shtatlar

Shuningdek qarang: AQSh shaharlari va shtatlaridagi eng yaxshi LGBT populyatsiyalari

UCLA yuridik maktabi Uilyams instituti, jinsiy orientatsiya bo'yicha qonunchilikni tahlil qilish markazi, 2011 yil aprel oyida tadqiqot o'tkazdi[82] Amerikalik kattalarning 1,7 foizi gey yoki lezbiyen, yana 1,8 foizi biseksual deb tan olishini o'z tadqiqotlari asosida taxmin qilishdi. Yaqinda o'tkazilgan to'rtta milliy va ikkita davlat darajasidagi aholiga asoslangan so'rovnomalar ma'lumotlariga asoslanib, tahlillar shuni ko'rsatadiki, AQShda lesbiyan, gey yoki biseksual bo'lgan 8 milliondan ortiq kattalar bor, ular kattalar aholisining 3,5 foizini tashkil qiladi. Erkaklarning 2,2% gey, yana 1,4% biseksual deb tan oladi. Ayollarning 1,1 foizi lezbiyen, yana 2,2 foizi biseksual ekanligini aniqlaydi.

2012 yilda davlat tomonidan LGBT kattalar foiz.
2006 yilda LGBTlarning eng yuqori ulushi bo'lgan shaharlar.

Ushbu jadvallarda gomoseksual, lezbiyen va biseksual aholining soni bo'yicha LGB soni eng yuqori bo'lgan shaharlar va metropolitenlarning ro'yxatlari ko'rsatilgan, bu Uilyams instituti tomonidan 2006 yilda nashr etilgan. UCLA yuridik fakulteti.[83]

Foizlar bo'yicha eng yuqori reyting:

RankShaharFoiz
shahar
aholi		GLB populyatsiyasi
aholidaraja
1San-Fransisko15.4%94,2344
2Sietl12.9%57,9939
3Atlanta12.8%39,80512
4Minneapolis12.5%34,29516
5Boston12.3%50,54010
6Sakramento9.8%32,10820
7Portlend8.8%35,41314
8Denver8.2%33,69817
9Vashington8.1%32,59918
10Orlando7.7%12,50836

Aholining umumiy soni bo'yicha birinchi o'rin:

RankShaharFoiz
shahar
aholi		GLB populyatsiyasi
aholidaraja
1Nyu-York shahri6%272,4931
2Los Anjeles5.6%154,2702
3Chikago5.7%114,4493
4San-Fransisko15.4%94,2344
5Feniks6.4%63,2225
6Xyuston4.4%61,9766
7San-Diego6.8%61,9457
8Dallas7.0%58,4738
9Sietl12.9%57,9939
10Boston12.3%50,54010
11Filadelfiya4.2%43,32011
12Atlanta12.8%39,08512
13San-Xose5.8%37,26013

Major metropolitan areas by total population:

RankShaharGLBGLB%
aholi
1Nyu-York shahri – Shimoliy Nyu-Jersi – Long Island, Nyu-York568,9032.6%
2Los Anjeles – Long-Bich, Kaliforniya – Santa-Ana, Kaliforniya442,2112.7%
3Chicago–Naperville–Joliet, Il288,4783.1%
4San-Fransisko – Oklend – San-Xose, Kaliforniya256,3133.6%
5Boston – Kembrij, MA – Quincy, MA201,3443.4%
6Vashington, Kolumbiya191,9592.5%
7Dallas – Fort-Uort – Arlington, TX183,7183.5%
8Mayami – Mayami-Plyaj – Loderdeyl Fort183,3464.7%
9Atlanta – Marietta, GA – Sendi Springs, GA180,1684.3%
10Filadelfiya – Kamden, NJ – Uilmington, DE179,4592.8%

Research issues

Incidence versus prevalence

A significant distinction can be made between what medical statisticians call kasallanish va tarqalishi. For example, even if two studies agree on a common criterion for defining a sexual orientation, one study might regard this as applying to any person who has ever met this criterion, whereas another might only regard that person as being so if they had done so during the year of the survey. Ga ko'ra Amerika psixologik assotsiatsiyasi, sexual orientation refers to an "enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes", as well as to "a person's sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions."[84] Therefore, a person can be celibate and still identify as being bisexual or homosexual based on romantic proclivities.[85]

Effect of survey mode

According to many a source, from academic researchers[86][87] to pollsters[64][88] to market research groups,[28][89] the population that identifies as LGBT and/or has had sexual relations with the same sex may be underestimated in surveys that employ live interviewers to collect data. Their argument is that methods stronger in anonymity and/or confidentiality, such as online questionnaires and IVR interviews, are better than more traditional survey modes at gauging the size of the non-heterosexual population.

British researchers with the third wave of the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (NATSAL) addressed this matter in one of their studies. Interviewers collected data on sexual behavior from a sample of over 15,000 subjects at their home. However, a portion of respondents agreed to complete an online questionnaire asking many of the same questions asked live before. The questionnaire was to be taken one to two months after the original interview. The data below were extracted from the bir xil guruh of 202 men and 325 women who gave out information about same-sex experiences live and then successfully completed the online questionnaire later. Numbers show how answers varied between survey modes and the information is given on whether the difference between methods was significant or not.[90]

Partial data from the NATSAL-3Any same-sex experienceAny same-sex sex (experience with genital contact)
Yuzma-yuzOnlaynStatistically significant difference between methods?Yuzma-yuzOnlaynStatistically significant difference between methods?
Erkaklar11.4%17.3%Ha9.9%13.5%Ha
Ayollar14.5%19.7%Ha9.2%10.5%Yo'q

Researchers from other countries have produced similar findings. Yilda Polsha, for example, it was found in an experiment that self-reporting same-sex attraction was twice as common using an online questionnaire as in a paper questionnaire, despite the fact that the group that answered the online questions and the one that filled out the paper form were similar on all demographic variables and on all other aspects of their sexuality.[54] In the 90s, an experiment was made in the US where it was found that teen males were several times more likely to acknowledge same-sex experiences using a computer methodology compared to paper questionnaires.[91]

Change in prevalence over time

In addition, shifts can occur in reports of the prevalence of homosexuality. Masalan, Gamburg Institute for Sexual Research conducted a survey over the sexual behavior of young people in 1970 and repeated it in 1990. Whereas in 1970 18% of the boys ages 16 and 17 reported to have had at least one same-sex sexual experience, the number had dropped to 2% by 1990.[92][93]

Ma'lumotlar Umumiy ijtimoiy so'rov shows that the percentage of Americans reporting predominantly same-sex partners remained stable between 1989 and 2014. In contrast, the percentage who reported har doim having a same-sex partner increased.[94] Aksincha, Oila o'sishining milliy tadqiqotlari has found an increase in the share of men and women who self-report a bisexual orientation in their 2011–2013 study compared to previous surveys.[95] Likewise, in the Second Australian Study of Health and Relationships, whose data was collected in 2012 and 2013, researchers noticed significant growth in the share of women who report bisexual orientation and attraction, and the share of men who report exclusive homosexual attraction, compared to the results of the First Australian Study of Health and Relationships, executed in 2001.[9]

Cultural perceptions

The population that has come to be referred to as gomoseksual in the West is not a descriptive term that would be recognized by all men who have sex with men (MSM) as known in the rest of the world. Esa gey madaniyati is increasingly open and discussed, the world of MSM consists of a diverse population that often may respond differently depending on how communications in clinical settings are framed. Gey is generally used to describe a gomoseksual sexual orientation, while MSM describes sexual behavior between men.[96]

Some men who have sex with other men will not relate to the term gomoseksual yoki gomoseksual, and do not regard sexual activity with other men as actual sexual activity. Instead, they view sexual relations with women as valid. This is particularly true among individuals from non-Western cultures, but it is also common in the US. Kabi atamalar MSM yoki same gender loving are often used in place of the word gomoseksual. Men in Africa and Latin America engage in sexual relationships with other men while still referring to themselves as heteroseksual, which is known as being on the "past-past".[97]

There is a relative lack of information on sexual behavior in most rivojlanayotgan davlatlar. The limited sources that are available indicate that although homosexual self-identification might occur relatively infrequently, the prevalence of homosexual behavior is higher. These men are not taken into consideration in some sexual identity surveys which may lead to under-reporting and inaccuracies.[98]

Importance of having reliable demographics

Reliable data on the size of the gay and lesbian population would be valuable for informing public policy.[99] For example, demographics would help calculate the costs and benefits of domestic partnership benefits, of the impact of legalizing geyni asrab olish.[99] Further, knowledge of the size of the "gay and lesbian population holds promise for helping social scientists understand a wide array of important questions—questions about the general nature of labor market choices, accumulation of human capital, specialization within households, discrimination, and decisions about geographic location."[99]

Kinsey hisobotlari

Asosiy maqola: Kinsey hisobotlari

Two of the most famous studies of the demographics of human sexual orientation were Dr. Alfred Kinsey"s Erkakdagi jinsiy xatti-harakatlar (1948) va Inson ayolidagi jinsiy xatti-harakatlar (1953). These studies used a seven-point spectrum to define sexual behavior, from 0 for completely heterosexual to 6 for completely homosexual. Kinsey concluded that a small percentage of the population were to one degree or another bisexual (falling on the scale from 1 to 5). He also reported that 37% of men in the U.S. had achieved orgazm through contact with another male after adolescence and 13% of women had achieved orgasm through contact with another woman.[100]

His results, however, have been disputed, especially in 1954 by a team consisting of Jon Tukey, Frederik Mosteller va Uilyam G. Kokran, who stated much of Kinsey's work was based on convenience samples dan ko'ra tasodifiy namunalar, and thus would have been vulnerable to tarafkashlik.[101]

Pol Gebxard, Kinsey's former colleague and successor as director of the Kinsey Institute for Sex Research, reviewed the Kinsey data and removed what he thought were its purported contaminants. He again found that almost exactly 37% of men had engaged in homosexual activity. However, he also pointed out that Kinsey later concluded it was a mistake trying to generalize to the entire population.[102]

More recent researchers believe that Kinsey overestimated the rate of same-sex attraction because of flaws in his sampling methods.[103]:147[1][3]

Shuningdek qarang

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