WikiDer > Tetrahalometan

Tetrahalomethane

Tetrahalometanlar to'liq halogenlangan metan umumiy formulaning CBr hosilalari_kCl_lF_mMen_nDa_p, qaerda:

{displaystyle k + l + m + n + p = 4}

Tetrahalometanlar chegarada joylashgan noorganik va organik kimyo, shuning uchun ularga noorganik va organik nomlar berilishi mumkin IUPAC: tetraflorometan - uglerod tetraflorid, tetraiodometan - uglerod tetraiodid, diklorodifluorometan - karbonli diklorid diflorid.

Har biri halogen (F, Cl, Br, Men, Da) tegishli galometanni hosil qiladi, ammo ularning barqarorligi CF tartibida pasayadi₄ > CH₄ > CCl₄ > CBr₄ > CI₄ juda barqaror gazsimon tetraflorometan bog'lanish energiyasi bilan 515 kJ.mol⁻¹ qattiq tetraiodometan, bog'liq holda bog'lanish energiyasi.

Kabi ko'plab aralash halometanlar ham ma'lum CBrClF₂.

Foydalanadi

Sifatida ftor, xlor va ba'zida brom bilan almashtirilgan galometanlar ishlatilgan sovutgichlar, odatda sifatida tanilgan CFClar (xloroflorokarbonatlar).

v t e Galometanlar
O'zgartirilmagan	CH₄
Bir marta almashtirilgan	CH₃F CH₃Cl CH₃Br CH₃Men
O'zgartirilgan	CH₂F₂ CH₂ClF CH₂BrF CH₂FI CH₂Cl₂ CH₂BrCl CH₂ClI CH₂Br₂ CH₂BrI CH₂Men₂
O'zaro almashtirilgan	CHF₃ CHClF₂ CHBrF₂ CHF₂Men CHCl₂F C * HBrClF C * HClFI CHBr₂F C * HBrFI CHFI₂ CHCl₃ CHBrCl₂ CHCl₂Men CHBr₂Cl C * HBrClI CHClI₂ CHBr₃ CHBr₂Men CHBrI₂ CHI₃
Tetrasubstitused	CF₄ CClF₃ CBrF₃ CF₃Men CCl₂F₂ CBrClF₂ CClF₂Men CBr₂F₂ CBrF₂Men CF₂Men₂ CCl₃F CBrCl₂F CCl₂FI CBr₂ClF C * BrClFI CClFI₂ CBr₃F CBr₂FI CBrFI₂ CFI₃ CCl₄ CBrCl₃ CCl₃Men CBr₂Cl₂ CBrCl₂Men CCl₂Men₂ CBr₃Cl CBr₂ClI CBrClI₂ CClI₃ CBr₄ CBr₃Men CBr₂Men₂ CBrI₃ CI₄
* Chiral birikma.

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