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Princess Nukata

Malika Nukata (額 田 王, Nukata no imikimi, sana noma'lum, ehtimol fl. 630–690), shuningdek, yozilgan Nukada, yapon edi shoir ning Asuka davri.

Ning qizi Shahzoda Kagami [ja] va singlisi deb taxmin qilingan Malika Kagami, Nukata bo'ldi Imperator Tenmusevimli xotini va unga qiz tug'di, Malika Tchi (kim bo'ladi? Imperator Kōbunsherik).[1][2]

Afsonaga ko'ra, u keyinchalik u bilan do'st bo'lgan Imperator Tenji, Imperator Tenmu akasi, ammo bu da'voni tasdiqlovchi dalillar yo'q.

She'riyat

Nukata o'z davrining buyuk ayol shoirlaridan biri edi; uning o'n uchta she'ri Manyushō: 7-9, 16-18, 20, 112, 113, 151, 155, 488 va 1606 (1606 she'ri 488 takroridir). She'rlarning ikkitasi keyingi she'riy to'plamlarda qayta nashr etilgan Shinchokusen Wakashū va Shinshay Vakashu.

8-she'r

Nukata ushbu she'rni bastalagan v. 661 portida Nikita-tsu yilda Iyo viloyati sifatida imperatorlik floti bostirib kirdi Kyushu:

田 津 に 船 り せ む と 月 待 て ば
も か な ひ ぬ は 漕 ぎ 出 で な
Nikita-tsu ni funa norisemu to tsuki mateba
shio mo kanainu ima va kogiidena
Nikita portida biz qayiqlarga chiqishdan oldin oy chiqishini kutdik. To'lqin ko'tarildi, endi chiqaylik!
(Manyushō 1:8)

9-she'r

Ning to'qqizinchi she'ri Manyushō ichidagi eng qiyin she'rlardan biri sifatida tanilgan Manyushō izohlash.[3] Nukata ushbu she'rni bastalagan 658 qachon Empress Saymei a ga bordim issiq Bahor yilda Kii viloyati:[4]

莫 器 圓 隣 之 相 七兄 爪 湯 氣吾 瀬 子 之
射 立 爲 兼 五 可 新 何 bing
(Manyushō 1:9)

She'rning keyingi qismi uchun umumiy talqin quyidagicha Keyxo: ... waga seko ga / i-tataserikemu / itsukashi ga moto (... 我 が背 子が い 立 た せ り む 厳 樫 が png), bu "... muqaddas eman etagida turgan mening sevgilim" deb tarjima qilingan.

Birinchi ikkita satr (莫 器 圓 隣 之 相 七兄 爪 湯 氣) hozirgi kungacha zamonaviy stipendiyani mag'lub etdi. Ba'zi nazariyalar[iqtibos kerak] quyidagilarni o'z ichiga oladi:

  • Kaguyama yo'q / kunimi sayakemi (具 山 の 国 さ や け み), "Men Kagu tog'ining tepasida joylashgan mamlakatni aniq ko'raman, o ..." (Kaneko)
  • Ki-no-kuni no / yama koete yuke (の 国 の 山 え て 行 け), "Men borib, Kii viloyati tog'larini kesib o'tdim ..." (Kada yo'q Azumamaro, Tachibana Chikage, Mizue Aso)
  • sakatori no / ōuna asayuki (鳥 の 掩 ふ な 朝 雪), "Tog'dagi qushlar ertalab qorni qopladilar, o ..." (Teiichi Kumekawa)
  • shizumarishi / uranami sawaku (ま り し 浦 波 さ わ く), "Kirishning bir paytlar tinchlanib qolgan to'lqinlari shovqinli bo'lib qoldi, o ..." (Hisataka Omodaka, Tomas MakAuley)
  • shizumarishi / taburatsumadachi (静 ま り し た ら つ ま だ ち), "Bu oyoq barmoqlarida turishning birdaniga rad etilgan hiyla-nayrang, o ..." (Mineko Kavaguchi)
  • shizumarishi / rai na nari so ne (ま り し 雷 鳴 り そ ね), "Bir paytlar jim bo'lib qolgan momaqaldiroq nihoyat baland ovozda gumburladi, o ..." (Toshixiko Tsuchihashi)
  • nagomarishi / aiau so ake (ま り し 相会 ふ そ あ け), "Bizning tinchlangan uchrashuvlarimiz kengaydi, o ..." (Yamatai uyushmasi)
  • magari no / tabushi mitsutsuyuke (ま が り の 田 見 つ つ 行 け), "Men borib o'ralgan dala qamishlarini ko'rdim, o ..." (Bunmei Tsuchiya)
  • Matsuchi-yama / mitsutsu koso yuke (ま つ ち 山 見 つ こ そ 行 け), "Matsuchi tog'ini ko'rib yurganman ..." (Michiyasu Inoue)
  • Mimuro-no- / -yama mitsutsu yuke (三室 の 山 見 つ つ 行 け), "Men Mimuro tog'lariga qarab o'tirdim, o ..." (Mokichi Saitō)
  • Mimoro-no- / -yama mitsutsu yuke (三 諸 の 山 見 つ 行 行 け), "Men Mimoro tog'lariga qarab o'tirdim, o ..." (Masazumi Kamochi)
  • mi-Yoshino-no- / -yama mitsutsu yuke (吉野 の 山 見 つ つ 行 け), "Men qaradim va adolatli Yoshino tog'lariga bordim, o ..." (Tokujirō Oyama)
  • yūzuki shi / ōinase so kumo (月 し 覆 ひ な せ そ 雲), "Kechki oy nuri bulutlarni qoplaydi, o ..." (Keitsū)
  • yūzuki no / kage fumite tate (夕 月 の 光 踏 て 立 立 て), "Kechki oy nuri qadamda turadi, o ..." (Sueo Itami)
  • yūzuki no / aogite toishi (夕 月 の 仰 ぎ 問 ひ ひ し), "Kechki oyga qarab, men so'radim ..." (Sengaku, Keyxo va Masakoto Kimura)
  • yū torishi / iwai shizumuru ... (綿 取 り し い 鎮 む る), "Bayram tugashi bilan men tut ipini oldim ..." (Kaoru Tani)

Ga binoan Aleksandr Vovin, dastlabki ikkita satrni o'qish kerak Eski koreysbu erda ularning ma'nosi Sengaku tomonidan taklif qilingan ma'noga o'xshashdir:[5]

莫 器 圓 隣 之 大 七兄 爪 湯 湯 氣 我 が 背 子 が
立 し け む つ か 新 顔
nacokʌ-s tʌrari θi-ta-po-n- [i] -isy-a = ca mut-ke waga seko ga
i-tatashikemu itsu ka niigao
Kechki oyga qaraganimdan so'ng, men shunday deb so'radim: «Mening sevgilim u erga sayohat qilgan bo'lsa kerak. Uning yuzini qachon ko'rardim? ”Deb so'radi.[6]

20-she'r

Nukata ushbu she'rni qachon yozgan Imperator Tenji ovga chiqqan Gamōno (yoki maydon Une, endi qismi Ihmihachiman va Okaychi, Shiga):[7]

茜草 さ す野 行 き 標 野 行 き
守 り は 見 や 君 が 袖 ふ る
akane sasu murasakino yuki shimeno yuki
nomori va mizu ya kimi ga sode furu
Yorqinlik orqali qizil-qizil murasaki maydon va belgilangan maydon orqali men boraman. Dala qo'riqchisi sizni [menga] yelkangizni silkitayotganingizni ko'rmadimi?
(Manyushō 1:20)

Izohlar

  1. ^ Reksrot va Atsumi (1982: 140)
  2. ^ Kin (1999: 103)
  3. ^ Mamiya (2001: 1)
  4. ^ Vovin (2017: 38-39)
  5. ^ Vovin (2017: 38-53)
  6. ^ Vovin (2017: 39)
  7. ^ Vovin (2017: 74)

Adabiyotlar

  • Kubota, iyun (2007). Iwanami Nihon Koten Bungaku Jiten (yapon tilida). Ivanami Shoten. ISBN 978-4-00-080310-6.
  • Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten: Kan'yakuban [Yapon mumtoz adabiyotining keng qamrovli lug'ati: ixcham nashr]. Tōkyō: Ivanami Shoten. 1986. ISBN 4-00-080067-1.
  • Satake, Akixiro; Yamada, Xideo; Kudo, Rikio; Tani, Masao; Yamazaki, Yoshiyuki (2004). Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei, Bekkan: Man'yōshū Sakuin [Yaponiya mumtoz adabiyotining yangi komempiumi, alohida jild: Manyushō] (yapon tilida). Tōkyō: Ivanami Shoten. ISBN 4-00-240105-7.
  • Kin, Donald (1999). Yurakdagi urug'lar: eng qadimgi davrlardan XVI asr oxirlariga qadar yapon adabiyoti. Kolumbiya universiteti matbuoti. ISBN 0-231-11441-9.
  • Mamiya, Atsushi (2001). Man'yō Nankunka no Kenkyū [Man'yushū she'rlarini o'qish qiyin] (yapon tilida). Tōkyō: Xōsei Daigaku Shuppankyoku. ISBN 4-588-46007-2.
  • Reksrot, Kennet; Atsumi, Ikuko (1982). Yaponiya ayol shoirlari. J. Laughlin. ISBN 0-8112-0820-6.
  • Vovin, Aleksandr (2017-03-23). ManyushōAsl matnni o'z ichiga olgan yangi inglizcha tarjima, Kana translyatsiyasi, romanizatsiya, jilolashtirish va sharhlash. Brill. ISBN 9-789-004-34670-3.