WikiDer > Yordam: Formulani namoyish qilish - Vikipediya

Ushbu yordam sahifasi a qanday qilib ko'rsatma berish. Unda Vikipediya normalari va amaliyotlarining ba'zi jihatlari (lariga) oid jarayonlar yoki protseduralar batafsil bayon etilgan. Bu bittasi emas Vikipediya qoidalari yoki ko'rsatmalari, va o'zgaruvchan darajalarni aks ettirishi mumkin Kelishuv va tekshirish.

Yorliqlar WP: FORMULA WP: MATH WP: MATHS WP: LATEX

Ushbu skrinshot formulani ko'rsatadi E = mc² yordamida tahrir qilinmoqda VisualEditor. Vizual muharriri formulani namoyish qilish uchun taklif qilingan uchta rejimdan birini tanlashga imkon beradigan tugmani ko'rsatadi.

MediaWiki ko'rsatadi kombinatsiyasidan foydalangan holda matematik tenglamalar HTML va ning bir varianti LaTeX.

LaTeX-ning ishlatilgan versiyasi - bu pastki qism AMS-LaTeX markup, superset of LaTeX markup, bu o'z navbatida superset TeX belgilash, uchun matematik formulalar. To'liq TeX tilining faqat cheklangan qismi qo'llab-quvvatlanadi; tafsilotlar uchun pastga qarang.^[a]

Odatiy bo'lib, ko'rinmaydigan SVG rasmlari MathML hosil bo'ladi. Kattaroq PNG tasvirlar orqali o'rnatilishi mumkin foydalanuvchi parametrlari.^[b] Kabi ba'zi brauzerlarda Firefox, orqali ko'rsatish uchun MathML dan foydalanish mumkin kengaytmalar; asosiy kengaytma sahifasiga qarang mw: kengaytma: matematik tafsilotlar uchun. Mijoz tomoni MathJax endi qo'llab-quvvatlanmaydi.

Asoslari

Matematik yorliq ichkariga kiradi <math>...</math>. Kimyoviy belgi ichkariga kiradi <math chem>...</math> yoki <chem>...</chem>. Ushbu teglarning barchasi TeX-dan foydalanadi.

TeX kodini so'zma-so'z qo'yish kerak: MediaWiki andozalari, oldindan belgilangan andozalar va parametrlarni matematik teglar ichida ishlatish mumkin emas: juft qavslar e'tiborga olinmaydi va "#" xato xabari beradi. Biroq, matematik teglar #if ning o'sha va boshqa qismida ishlaydi va hokazo. Qarang m: Andoza: TeX ichida parametrlardan foydalanishga urinish demo (orqaga qaytish tahrirlash) qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun.

Endi eskirgan yorliq <ce> juda noaniq deb hisoblangan va uning o'rnini egallagan <chem>.^[1]

LaTeX buyruqlari

LaTeX buyruqlari kichik-kichik harflar uchun sezgir bo'lib, quyidagi ikkita formatdan birini oladi:

• Ular teskari burilish bilan boshlanadi va keyin faqat harflardan iborat ismga ega bo'ladi. Buyruq nomlari bo'sh joy, raqam yoki boshqa harf bilan tugatiladi.
• Ular teskari chiziqdan va to'liq bitta harfdan iborat.

Ba'zi buyruqlar dalil, buyruq nomidan keyin {} jingalak qavslar orasida berilishi kerak. Ba'zi buyruqlar majburiy emas parametrlar, buyruq nomidan keyin to'rtburchaklar ichida qo'shiladi []. Umumiy sintaksis:

 commandname [option1, option2, ...] {argument1} {argument2} ...

Maxsus belgilar

Quyidagi belgilar LaTeX ostida maxsus ma'noga ega bo'lgan yoki barcha shriftlarda mavjud bo'lmagan zaxira belgilardir. Agar siz ularni to'g'ridan-to'g'ri matningizga kiritsangiz, ular odatda render qilmaydi, aksincha siz o'ylamagan narsalarni qiladi.

# $ % ^ & _ { } ~ \

Ushbu belgilar qochish belgilarining teskari egri chizig'iga prefiks qo'yish orqali kiritilishi mumkin \ yoki maxsus ketma-ketliklar yordamida:

 #  $ \% ^  wedge  &  _  {}  sim  backslash

hosildor

${ displaystyle # $ \% ^ { wedge} & _ {} sim backslash}$.

Orqaga burish belgisi mumkin emas uning oldiga yana bir teskari chiziq qo'shib kiritish kerak (); ushbu ketma-ketlik chiziqlarni kesish uchun ishlatiladi. Matematik rejimda teskari chiziqni kiritish uchun siz foydalanishingiz mumkin backslash o'rniga beradigan narsa ${ displaystyle backslash}$.

Buyruq tilde keyingi harf ustiga qo'yilgan tilde ishlab chiqaradi. Masalan, tilde {a} beradi ${ displaystyle { tilde {a}}}$. Faqat tilda belgisini yaratish uchun ~ foydalaning tilde {} qaysi beradi ${ displaystyle { tilde {}}}$, bo'sh qutiga ~ joylashtiring. Shu bilan bir qatorda sim ishlab chiqaradi ${ displaystyle sim}$, ba'zi hollarda ko'proq mos keladigan katta markazli ~.

Buyruq shapka masalan, keyingi belgi ustidan shlyapa ishlab chiqaradi hat {o} ishlab chiqaradi ${ displaystyle { hat {o}}}$. Uzatiladigan versiyadan foydalanish uchun widehat {abc} berib ${ displaystyle { widehat {abc}}}$. Takoz wedge odatda matematik operator sifatida ishlatiladi ${ displaystyle wedge}$ ketma-ketlik ^ xanjar ishlab chiqaradi ${ displaystyle ^ { wedge}}$ ASCII caret ^ belgisiga eng yaxshi ekvivalent.

Bo'shliqlar

Bo'sh yoki yorliq kabi "bo'shliq" belgilariga LaTeX tomonidan "bo'sh joy" sifatida bir xil ishlov beriladi. Bir necha ketma-ket bo'shliq belgilar bitta "bo'shliq" sifatida qaraladi. Qarang quyida turli o'lchamdagi bo'shliqlarni chiqaradigan buyruqlar uchun.

LaTeX muhitlari

Atrof-muhit LaTeX-da buyruqlarga juda o'xshash rol o'ynaydi, lekin ular odatda formulaning keng qismiga ta'sir qiladi. Ularning sintaksisi:

 oshlash{atrof-muhit nomi}   ta'sirlanadigan matn oxiri{atrof-muhit nomi}

Vikipediya tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlanadigan muhit o'z ichiga oladi matritsa, tekislangva boshqalarga qarang quyida.

Renderlash

Shrift o'lchamlari va turlari brauzer sozlamalaridan yoki CSS-dan mustaqil. Shrift o'lchamlari va turlari ko'pincha HTML ko'rsatadigan narsadan chetga chiqadi. Atrofdagi matn bilan vertikal tekislash ham muammo bo'lishi mumkin; atrofida ishlash tasvirlangan "Oddiy matn oqimiga moslashtirish" quyidagi bo'lim. The CSS selektori tasvirlarning img.tex.

Ushbu yordam sahifasi bo'lishi kerak yangilangan. Iltimos, so'nggi voqealarni yoki yangi mavjud ma'lumotlarni aks ettirish uchun ushbu yordam sahifasini yangilang. Tegishli munozarani topishingiz mumkin munozara sahifasi.

The pastki matn PNG rasmlari, ko'rish qobiliyati past bo'lganlar va rasmlarni ko'ra olmaydigan boshqa o'quvchilarga ko'rsatiladi, shuningdek, matn tanlangan va nusxa ko'chirilganda ham foydalaniladi, rasmni ishlab chiqargan vikitekstning standart qiymati, bundan tashqari <math> va </math>. Buni aniq belgilash orqali bekor qilishingiz mumkin alt uchun atribut matematik element. Masalan, <math alt="Square root of pi"> sqrt{ pi}</math> tasvirni yaratadi ${ displaystyle { sqrt { pi}}}$ uning pastki matni "Pining kvadrat ildizi" dir. Bu bilan chalkashtirmaslik kerak sarlavha atributi, masalan, PNG tasviri ustida harakatlanayotganda, popup matn hosil qiladi <math title="pi"> pi</math> tasvirni yaratadi ${ displaystyle pi}$ popup matni "pi".

Matematikada odatdagidek funktsiya va operator nomlaridan tashqari, o'zgaruvchilar va harflar kursiv bilan berilgan; raqamlar emas. Boshqa matn uchun (o'zgaruvchan yorliqlar kabi) o'zgaruvchiga o'xshash kursivda ko'rsatilmaslik uchun foydalaning matn yoki mathrm (avval rm). Bundan tashqari, yangi funktsiya nomlarini aniqlashingiz mumkin operatorname{...}. Masalan, matn{abc} beradi ${ displaystyle { text {abc}}}$. operatorname{...} kerak bo'lganda operator nomidan oldin va keyin oraliqni, qachon bo'lgan taqdirda, ta'minlaydi a operatorname{sn}b kabi ko'rsatiladi ${ displaystyle a operatorname {sn} b}$ ("sn" ning chap va o'ng qismidagi bo'sh joy bilan) va a operatorname{sn}(b + c) kabi ${ displaystyle a operatorname {sn} (b + c)}$ (chapga, o'ngga emas bo'sh joy bilan). LaTeX-ning yulduzcha versiyasi, operatorname * qo'llab-quvvatlanmaydi, ammo vaqtinchalik echim qo'shish kerak limitlar o'rniga. Masalan, operatorname{sn}_{b> c}(b + c) qquad operatorname{sn} limitlar_{b> c}(b + c) sifatida ko‘rsatadi

${ displaystyle operator nomi {sn} _ {b> c} (b + c) qquad operator nomi {sn} limitlar _ {b> c} (b + c)}$.

Lateks Unicode belgilarini to'liq qo'llab-quvvatlamaydi va barcha belgilar ko'rsatilmaydi. Aksincha aksariyat lotin alifbosidagi belgilar to'g'ri ko'rsatilgan. Biroq, ba'zilari, xususan, bir nechta diakritikani o'z ichiga olganlar (masalan, Vetnamda lotin harflari bilan) yoki bitta belgi bilan biriktirib bo'lmaydiganlar (masalan, katta lotin harfi bo'lgan W harfi kabi) yoki boshqa diakritiklardan (masalan, ogonek yoki polyak singari Markaziy Evropa tillarida ishlatiladigan qo'sh qabr aksenti yoki Vyetnamdagi ba'zi unli tovushlar ustiga biriktirilgan shox) yoki boshqa o'zgartirilgan harf shakllari (IPA notatsiyalarida yoki Afrika tillarida yoki o'rta asr matnlarida ishlatilgan), ba'zi digram ligature (masalan, golland tilida IJ kabi) yoki yunon tilidan olingan lotin harflari yoki kichik bosh harflar, shuningdek yuqori va pastki harflar. Masalan, matn{ð} va matn{š} (Island tilida ishlatiladi) xatolarni keltirib chiqaradi.

Matn rejimida tirnoqlarni kiritishning odatiy usuli (chap tomonda ikkita orqa va o'ng tomonda ikkita apostrof), masalan. matn{"keltirilgan" so'z} to'g'ri ishlamaydi. Vaqtinchalik echim sifatida muharrir ostidagi "Belgilar" ochiladigan panelida mavjud bo'lgan Unicode chap va o'ng tirnoq belgilaridan foydalanishingiz mumkin: matn{"keltirilgan" so'z}.

Formulalarni majburiy qayta ishlash

MediaWiki-da formulalar ko'rsatilgan kesh har safar sahifa foydalanuvchi tomonidan ochilganda ushbu formulalarning rasmlarini yaratishga hojat qolmasligi uchun. Sahifaning barcha formulalarini qayta ishlashga majbur qilish uchun uni getter o'zgaruvchilari bilan ochishingiz kerak action = purge & mathpurge = rost. Masalan, maqolada noto'g'ri ko'rsatilgan formula mavjudligini tasavvur qiling Ajralmas. Ushbu formulani qayta ishlashga majbur qilish uchun siz URL manzilini ochishingiz kerak https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Integral&action=purge&mathpurge=true . Keyin kerak brauzeringiz keshini chetlab o'ting shuning uchun formulalarning yangi yaratilgan tasvirlari aslida yuklab olinadi. Shuningdek qarang mw: Extension: Math # Tenglamalarni o'z ichiga olgan tozalovchi sahifalar batafsil ma'lumot uchun.

TeX va HTML

TeX markupi maxsus belgilar yaratishning yagona usuli emas. Ushbu taqqoslash jadvali ko'rsatilgandek, ba'zida HTML yordamida o'xshash natijalarga erishish mumkin Shablon: Matematik. Shuningdek qarang Yordam: Maxsus belgilar.

TeX sintaksisi	TeX ko'rsatish	HTML sintaksisi	HTML ko'rsatish
alfa	${ displaystyle alpha}$	{{math | "& alfa;''}}	a
f (x) = x^2	${ displaystyle f (x) = x ^ {2}}$	{{math | '' f '' ('' x '') {{=}} '' x ''<sup>2</sup>}}	f(x) = x2
sqrt{2}	${ displaystyle { sqrt {2}}}$	{{matematik | {{radikal | 2}}}}	√2
sqrt{1-e^2}	${ displaystyle { sqrt {1-e ^ {2}}}}$	{{matematik | {{radikal | 1 & minus; '' e ''<sup>2</sup>}}}}	√1 − e2
\{1, e, pi }	${ displaystyle {1, e, pi }}$	{{math | {{mset | 1, '' e '', ''& pi;''}}}}	{1, e, π}
| z + 1 | leq 2	${ displaystyle | z + 1 | leq 2}$	{{math | {{abs | '' z '' + 1}} & le; 2}}	|z + 1| ≤ 2

To'plamlarni yozishda ehtiyot bo'lish kerak {{matematik}}, chunki qavslar shablon sintaksisiga zid bo'lishi mumkin. The {{mset}} Yuqoridagi misolda ko'rsatilgandek, bunga yordam beradigan shablon mavjud. Xuddi shunday, {{abs}} shablon sintaksisiga zid bo'lgan quvur belgisiga yordam berish uchun uning parametrini vertikal chiziqlar ichiga oladi.

Chapdagi kodlar o'ngdagi belgilarni hosil qiladi, ammo ikkinchisini to'g'ridan-to'g'ri vikitekstga qo'yish mumkin, "=" dan tashqari.

& alfa; & beta; & gamma; & delta; & epsilon; & zeta; & eta; & teta; & iota; & kappa; & lambda; & mu; & nu; & xi; & omicron; & pi; & rho; & sigma; & sigmaf; & tau; & upsilon; & phi; & chi; & psi; & omega;

& Gamma; & Delta; & Theta; & Lambda; & Xi; & Pi; & Sigma; & Phi; & Psi; & Omega;

& int; & sum; & prod; & radikal; & minus; & plusmn; & infin; & asimp; & prop; = & equiv; & ne; & le; & ge; & times; & middot; & sdot; &bo'lmoq; & qism; & bosh; & Prime; & nabla; & permil; & deg; & there4; & bo'sh;

& isin; & emas; & shapka; & chashka; & sub; & sup; & sube; & supe; & not; & va; & yoki; & mavjud; & umuman; & rArr; & hArr; & rarr; & harr; & uarr; & darr; & alefsym; - & ndash; & mdash;

Loyiha HTML va TeX bo'yicha umumiy fikrga kelmadi, chunki ularning har biri ba'zi holatlarda afzalliklarga ega.

Mahalliy MathML

Standart MathML / SVG ko'rsatuvchi orqali tanlanadigan variant Mening afzalliklarim - Tashqi ko'rinish - matematik, yashirin MathML kodini yaratadi. Ushbu kodni ekran o'quvchilari va boshqa yordamchi texnologiyalar ishlatishi mumkin. Haqiqatan ham MathML Firefox-da siz o'rnatishingiz mumkin Mahalliy MathML kengaytmasi yoki oddiygina nusxalash uning CSS qoidalari Vikipediyangizga foydalanuvchi uslublar jadvali. Ikkala holatda ham sizda bo'lishi kerak MathML-ni qo'llab-quvvatlaydigan shriftlar tizimingizda o'rnatilgan. Nusxalash-yopishtirish uchun qo'llab-quvvatlang MathML nusxasi. MathML-ni boshqa tizimlarda ishlatish tafsilotlarini bu erda topishingiz mumkin mw: kengaytma: matematik.

TeX yordamida formatlash

Vazifalar, belgilar, maxsus belgilar

Urg'u va diakritiklar
nuqta {a}, ddot {a}, o'tkir {a}, qabr {a}	${ displaystyle { dot {a}}, { ddot {a}}, { o'tkir {a}}, { grave {a}}}$
check {a}, breve {a}, tilde {a}, bar {a}	${ displaystyle { check {a}}, { breve {a}}, { tilde {a}}, { bar {a}}}$
hat {a}, widehat {a}, vec {a}	${ displaystyle { hat {a}}, { widehat {a}}, { vec {a}}}$
Standart raqamli funktsiyalar
exp_a b = a ^ b, exp b = e ^ b, 10 ^ m	${ displaystyle exp _ {a} b = a ^ {b}, exp b = e ^ {b}, 10 ^ {m}}$
ln c, lg d = log e, log_ {10} f	${ displaystyle ln c, lg d = log e, log _ {10} f}$
sin a, cos b, tan c, cot d, sec e, csc f	${ displaystyle sin a, cos b, tan c, cot d, sec e, csc f}$
arcsin h, arccos i, arctan j	${ displaystyle arcsin h, arccos i, arctan j}$
sinh k, cosh l, tanh m, coth n	${ displaystyle sinh k, cosh l, tanh m, coth n}$
operatorname {sh} k, operatorname {ch} l, operatorname {th} m, operatorname {coth} n	${ displaystyle operatorname {sh} k, operatorname {ch} l, operatorname {th} m, operatorname {coth} n}$
operatorname {argsh} o, operatorname {argch} p, operatorname {argth} q	${ displaystyle operatorname {argsh} o, operatorname {argch} p, operatorname {argth} q}$
sgn r, chap vert s o'ng vert	${ displaystyle operator nomi {sgn} r, chap vert s o'ng vert}$
min (x, y), max (x, y)	${ displaystyle min (x, y), max (x, y)}$
Chegaralar
min x, max y, inf s, sup t	${ displaystyle min x, max y, inf s, sup t}$
lim u, liminf v, limsup w	${ displaystyle lim u, liminf v, limsup w}$
dim p, deg q, det m, ker phi	${ displaystyle dim p, deg q, det m, ker phi}$
Proektsiyalar
Pr j, hom l, lVert z rVert, arg z	${ displaystyle Pr j, hom l, lVert z rVert, arg z}$
Differentsiallar va hosilalar
dt, mathrm{d}t, qisman t, nabla psi	${ displaystyle dt, mathrm {d} t, kısmi t, nabla psi}$
dy / dx, mathrm{d}y / mathrm{d}x, frac{dy}{dx}, frac{ mathrm{d}y}{ mathrm{d}x}, frac{ qisman^2}{ qisman x_1 qisman x_2}y	${ displaystyle dy / dx, mathrm {d} y / mathrm {d} x, { frac {dy} {dx}}, { frac { mathrm {d} y} { mathrm {d} x }}, { frac { kısmi ^ {2}} { qisman x_ {1} qismli x_ {2}}} y}$
prime, backprime, f^ prime, f ', f' ', f^{(3)}, nuqta y, ddot y	${ displaystyle prime, backprime, f ^ { prime}, f ', f' ', f ^ {(3)} !, { dot {y}}, { ddot {y}}}$
Harfga o'xshash belgilar yoki doimiylar
infty, aleph, complement, backepsilon, eth, Finv, hbar	${ displaystyle infty, aleph, complement, backepsilon, eth, Finv, hbar}$
Im, imath, jmath, Bbbk, ell, mho, wp, Re, circledS, S, P, AA	${ displaystyle Im, imath, jmath, Bbbk, ell, mho, wp, Re, circledS, S, P, mathrm { AA}}$
Modulli arifmetika
s_k equiv 0 pmod {m}	${ displaystyle s_ {k} equiv 0 { pmod {m}}}$
a bmod b	${ displaystyle a { bmod {b}}}$
gcd (m, n), operator nomi {lcm} (m, n)	${ displaystyle gcd (m, n), operatorname {lcm} (m, n)}$
mid, nmid, shortmid, n qisqa	${ displaystyle mid, nmid, shortmid, nshortmid}$
Radikallar
surd, sqrt {2}, sqrt [n] {}, sqrt [3] { frac {x ^ 3 + y ^ 3} {2}}	${ displaystyle surd, { sqrt {2}}, { sqrt [{n}] {}}, { sqrt [{3}] { frac {x ^ {3} + y ^ {3}} {2}}}}$
Operatorlar
+, -, pm, mp, dotplus	${ displaystyle +, -, pm, mp, dotplus}$
times, div, divideontimes, /, backslash	${ displaystyle times, div, divideontimes, /, backslash}$
cdot, * ast, star, circ, bullet	${ displaystyle cdot, * ast, star, circ, bullet}$
boxplus, boxminus, boxtimes, boxdot	${ displaystyle boxplus, boxminus, boxtimes, boxdot}$
oplus, ominus, otimes, oslash, odot	${ displaystyle oplus, ominus, otimes, oslash, odot}$
circleddash, circledcirc, circledast	${ displaystyle circleddash, circledcirc, circledast}$
bigoplus, bigotimes, bigodot	${ displaystyle bigoplus, bigotimes, bigodot}$
To'plamlar
{}, O empty emptyset, varnothing	${ displaystyle {}, emptyset emptyset emptyset, varnothing}$
in, notin not in, ni, not ni	${ displaystyle in, notin not in, ni, not ni}$
cap, Cap, sqcap, bigcap	${ displaystyle cap, Cap, sqcap, bigcap}$
kubok, kubok, sqcup, bigcup, bigsqcup, uplus, biguplus	${ displaystyle cup, Cup, sqcup, bigcup, bigsqcup, uplus, biguplus}$
setminus, smallsetminus, times	${ displaystyle setminus, smallsetminus, times}$
subset, Subset, sqsubset	${ displaystyle subset, Subset, sqsubset}$
supset, Supset, sqsupset	${ displaystyle supset, Supset, sqsupset}$
subseteq, nsubseteq, subsetneq, varsubsetneq, sqsubseteq	${ displaystyle subseteq, nsubseteq, subsetneq, varsubsetneq, sqsubseteq}$
supseteq, nsupseteq, supsetneq, varsupsetneq, sqsupseteq	${ displaystyle supseteq, nsupseteq, supsetneq, varsupsetneq, sqsupseteq}$
subseteqq, nsubseteqq, subsetneqq, varsubsetneqq	${ displaystyle subseteqq, nsubseteqq, subsetneqq, varsubsetneqq}$
supseteqq, nsupseteqq, supsetneqq, varsupsetneqq	${ displaystyle supseteqq, nsupseteqq, supsetneqq, varsupsetneqq}$
Munosabatlar
=, ne, neq, equiv, not equiv	${ displaystyle =, neq, neq, equiv, not equiv}$
doteq, doteqdot, overset { underset { mathrm {def}} {}} {=}, :=	${ displaystyle doteq, doteqdot, { overset { underset { mathrm {def}} {}} {=}},: =}$
sim, nsim, backsim, thicksim, simeq, backsimeq, eqsim, cong, ncong	${ displaystyle sim, nsim, backsim, thicksim, simeq, backsimeq, eqsim, cong, ncong}$
approx, thickapprox, approxeq, asymp, propto, varpropto	${ displaystyle approx, thickapprox, approxeq, asymp, propto, varpropto}$
<, nless, ll, not ll, lll, not lll, lessdot	${ displaystyle <, nless, ll, not ll, lll, not lll, lessdot}$
>, ngtr, gg, not gg, ggg, not ggg, gtrdot	${ displaystyle>, ngtr, gg, not gg, ggg, not ggg, gtrdot}$
le, leq, lneq, leqq, nleq, nleqq, lneqq, lvertneqq	${ displaystyle leq, leq, lneq, leqq, nleq, nleqq, lneqq, lvertneqq}$
ge, geq, gneq, geqq, ngeq, ngeqq, gneqq, gvertneqq	${ displaystyle geq, geq, gneq, geqq, ngeq, ngeqq, gneqq, gvertneqq}$
lessgtr, lesseqgtr, lesseqqgtr, gtrless, gtreqless, gtreqqless	${ displaystyle lessgtr, lesseqgtr, lesseqqgtr, gtrless, gtreqless, gtreqqless}$
leqslant, nleqslant, eqslantless	${ displaystyle leqslant, nleqslant, eqslantless}$
geqslant, ngeqslant, eqslantgtr	${ displaystyle geqslant, ngeqslant, eqslantgtr}$
lesssim, lnsim, lessapprox, lnapprox	${ displaystyle lesssim, lnsim, lessapprox, lnapprox}$
gtrsim, gnsim, gtrapprox, gnapprox	${ displaystyle gtrsim, gnsim, gtrapprox, gnapprox}$
prec, nprec, preceq, npreceq, precneqq	${ displaystyle prec, nprec, preceq, npreceq, precneqq}$
succ, nsucc, succeq, nsucceq, succneqq	${ displaystyle succ, nsucc, succeq, nsucceq, succneqq}$
preccurlyeq, curlyeqprec	${ displaystyle preccurlyeq, curlyeqprec}$
succcurlyeq, curlyeqsucc	${ displaystyle succcurlyeq, curlyeqsucc}$
precsim, precnsim, precapprox, precnapprox	${ displaystyle precsim, precnsim, precapprox, precnapprox}$
succsim, succnsim, succapprox, succnapprox	${ displaystyle succsim, succnsim, succapprox, succnapprox}$
Geometrik
parallel, nparallel, shortparallel, n qisqa parallel	${ displaystyle parallel, nparallel, shortparallel, nqisqaparallel}$
perp, burchak, sferik burchak, o'lchovli burchak, 45 ^ aylana	${ displaystyle perp, burchak, sferik burchak, o'lchovli burchak, 45 ^ { circ}}$
Box, square, blacksquare, diamond, Diamond, lozenge, blacklozenge, bigstar	${ displaystyle Box, square, blacksquare, diamond, Diamond, lozenge, blacklozenge, bigstar}$
bigcirc, triangle, bigtriangleup, bigtriangledown	${ displaystyle bigcirc, triangle, bigtriangleup, bigtriangledown}$
vartriangle, triangledown	${ displaystyle vartriangle, triangledown}$
blacktriangle, blacktriangledown, blacktriangleleft, blacktriangleright	${ displaystyle blacktriangle, blacktriangledown, blacktriangleleft, blacktriangleright}$
Mantiq
forall, mavjud, nexists	${ displaystyle forall, mavjud, nexists}$
shuning uchun, chunki, Va	${ displaystyle shuning uchun, chunki, Va}$
lor vee, curlyvee, bigvee ishlatmang yoki endi bekor qilingan	${ displaystyle lor, vee, curlyvee, bigvee}$
land wedge, curlywedge, bigwedge ishlatmang va endi bekor qilingan	${ displaystyle land, wedge, curlywedge, bigwedge}$
bar {q}, bar {abc}, overline {q}, overline {abc}, lnot neg, not operatorname {R}, bot, top	${ displaystyle { bar {q}}, { bar {abc}}, { overline {q}}, { overline {abc}},}$ ${ displaystyle lnot neg, not operatorname {R}, bot, top}$
vdash dashv, vDash, Vdash, modellari	${ displaystyle vdash, dashv, vDash, Vdash, models}$
Vvdash nvdash nVdash nvDash nVDash	${ displaystyle Vvdash, nvdash, nVdash, nvDash, nVDash}$
ulcorner urcorner llcorner lrcorner	${ displaystyle ulcorner urcorner llcorner lrcorner}$
Oklar
Rrightarrow, Lleftarrow	${ displaystyle Rrightarrow, Lleftarrow}$
To'g'ri tirnoq, nTortarrow, Longrightarrow shuni nazarda tutadi	${ displaystyle Rightarrow, nReararrow, Longrightarrow, nazarda tutadi}$
Leftarrow, nSoldar, Longleftarrow	${ displaystyle Leftarrow, nLeftarrow, Longleftarrow}$
Chap tomon, nSolday tarq, Uzun soqotarish iff	${ displaystyle Leftrightarrow, nLeftrightarrow, Longleftrightarrow iff}$
Uparrow, Downarrow, Updownarrow	${ displaystyle Uparrow, Downarrow, Updownarrow}$
rightarrow to, nrightrow, longrightarrow	${ displaystyle rightarrow to, nrightarrow, longrightarrow}$
leftarrow gets, nleftarrow, longleftarrow	${ displaystyle leftarrow gets, nleftarrow, longleftarrow}$
chap tomon, nso‘l o‘ng,	${ displaystyle leftrightarrow, nleftrightarrow, longleftrightarrow}$
uparrow, downarrow, updownarrow	${ displaystyle uparrow, downarrow, updownarrow}$
yaqin qariya, chumchuq, nqush, srowrow	${ displaystyle owrow, swarrow, nwarrow, searrow}$
mapsto, longmapsto	${ displaystyle mapsto, longmapsto}$
rightharpoonup rightharpoondown leftharpoonup leftharpoondown upharpoonleft upharpoonright downharpoonleft downharpoonright rightletharpoons leftrightharwers	${ displaystyle rightharpoonup, rightharpoondown, leftharpoonup, leftharpoondown, upharpoonleft, upharpoonright, downharpoonleft, downharpoonright, rightletharpoons, leftrightharpoons}$
curvearrowleft circlearrowleft Lsh upuparrows rightrightarrows rightleftarrows rightarrowtail looparrowright	${ displaystyle curvearrowleft, circlearrowleft, Lsh, upuparrows, rightrightarrows, rightleftarrows, rightarrowtail, looparrowright}$
curvearrowright circlearrowright Rsh downdownarrows leftleftarrows leftrightarrows leftarrowtail looparrowleft	${ displaystyle curvearrowright, circlearrowright, Rsh, downdownarrows, leftleftarrows, leftrightarrows, leftarrowtail, looparrowleft}$
hookrightarrow hookleftarrow multimap leftrightsquigarrow Rightsquigarrow twoheadrightarrow twoheadleftarrow	${ displaystyle hookrightarrow, hookleftarrow, multimap, leftrightsquigarrow, Rightsquigarrow, twoheadrightarrow, twoheadleftarrow}$
Maxsus
amalg P S \% dagger ddagger ldots cdots	${ displaystyle amalg P S \% dagger ddagger ldots cdots}$
smile frown wr triangleleft triangleright	${ displaystyle smile frown wr triangleleft triangleright}$
diamondsuit, heartsuit, clubuit, spadesuit, Game, tekis, tabiiy, o'tkir	${ displaystyle diamondsuit, heartsuit, clubuit, spadesuit, Game, flat, natural, sharp}$
Saralanmagan (yangi narsalar)
diagup diagdown centerdot ltimes rtimes leftthreetimes rightthreetimes	${ displaystyle diagup, diagdown, centerdot, ltimes, rtimes, leftthreetimes, rightthreetimes}$
eqcirc circeq triangleq bumpeq Bumpeq doteqdot risingdotseq fallingdotseq	${ displaystyle eqcirc, circeq, triangleq, bumpeq, Bumpeq, doteqdot, risingdotseq, fallingdotseq}$
intercal barwedge veebar doublebarwedge between pitchfork	${ displaystyle interkal, barwedge, veebar, doublebarwedge, between, pitchfork}$
vartriangleleft ntriangleleft vartriangleright ntriangleright	${ displaystyle vartriangleleft, ntriangleleft, vartriangleright, ntriangleright}$
trianglelefteq ntrianglelefteq trianglerighteq ntrianglerighteq	${ displaystyle trianglelefteq, ntrianglelefteq, trianglerighteq, ntrianglerighteq}$

Ushbu belgilar bo'yicha biroz ko'proq semantikani qisqacha ko'ring TeX ovqat kitobi.

Kattaroq iboralar

Subscripts, superscriptlar, integrallar

Xususiyat	Sintaksis	Qanday ko'rsatiladi
Yuqori belgi	a^2, a^{x + 3}	${ displaystyle a ^ {2}, a {{x + 3}}$
Subscript	a_2	${ displaystyle a_ {2}}$
Guruhlash	10^{30} a^{2+2}	${ displaystyle 10 ^ {30} a ^ {2 + 2}}$
	a_{men, j} b_{f '}	${ displaystyle a_ {i, j} b_ {f '}}$
Sub & superni gorizontal ajratishsiz va holda birlashtirish	x_2^3	${ displaystyle x_ {2} ^ {3}}$
	{x_2}^3	${ displaystyle {x_ {2}} ^ {3}}$
Super super	10^{10^{8}}	${ displaystyle 10 ^ {10 ^ {8}}}$
Oldingi va / yoki qo'shimcha sub & super	sideset{_1^2}{_3^4} prod_a^b	${ displaystyle sideset {_ {1} ^ {2}} {_ {3} ^ {4}} prod _ {a} ^ {b}}$
	{}_1^2! Omega_3^4	${ displaystyle {} _ {1} ^ {2} ! Omega _ {3} ^ {4}}$
Yig'ish	overset{ alfa}{ omega}	${ displaystyle { overset { alpha} { omega}}}$
	underset{ alfa}{ omega}	${ displaystyle { underset { alpha} { omega}}}$
	overset{ alfa}{ underset{ gamma}{ omega}}	${ displaystyle { overset { alpha} { underset { gamma} { omega}}}}$
	stackrel{ alfa}{ omega}	${ displaystyle { stackrel { alpha} { omega}}}$
Hosilalari	x ', y' ', f', f ''	${ displaystyle x ', y' ', f', f ''}$
	x^ prime, y^{ prime prime}	${ displaystyle x ^ { prime}, y ^ { prime prime}}$
Hosil nuqtalar	nuqta{x}, ddot{x}	${ displaystyle { dot {x}}, { ddot {x}}}$
Chiziqlar, chiziqlar, vektorlar	shapka a bar b vec v	${ displaystyle { hat {a}} { bar {b}} { vec {c}}}$
	overrightarrow{a b} overleftarrow{c d} keng{d f}	${ displaystyle { overrightarrow {ab}} { overleftarrow {cd}} { widehat {def}}}$
	overline{g h i} tagiga chizish{j k l}	${ displaystyle { overline {ghi}} { underline {jkl}}}$
Ark (vaqtinchalik echim)	overset{ qoshlarini chimirib} {AB}	${ displaystyle { overset { frown} {AB}}}$
Oklar	A xleftarrow{n + mu-1} B xrightarrow[T]{n pm i-1} C	${ displaystyle A { xleftarrow {n + mu -1}} B { xrightarrow [{T}] {n pm i-1}} C}$
Overbraces	overbrace{ 1+2+ cdots+100 }^{5050}	${ displaystyle overbrace {1 + 2 + cdots +100} ^ {5050}}$
Qisqichbaqalar	underbrace{ a + b + cdots+ z }_{26}	${ displaystyle underbrace {a + b + cdots + z} _ {26}}$
Jami	sum_{k = 1}^N k^2	${ displaystyle sum _ {k = 1} ^ {N} k ^ {2}}$
Sum (kuch) textstyle)	textstyle sum_{k = 1}^N k^2	${ displaystyle textstyle sum _ {k = 1} ^ {N} k ^ {2}}$
Bir qismga yig'indisi (sukut bo'yicha textstyle)	frac{ sum_{k = 1}^N k^2}{a}	${ displaystyle { frac { sum _ {k = 1} ^ {N} k ^ {2}} {a}}}$
Fraktsiyadagi yig'indisi (kuch) displaystyle)	frac{ displaystyle sum_{k = 1}^N k^2}{a}	${ displaystyle { frac { displaystyle sum _ {k = 1} ^ {N} k ^ {2}} {a}}}$
Bir qismga yig'indisi (muqobil chegaralar uslubi)	frac{ sum limitlar^{^N}_{k = 1} k^2}{a}	${ displaystyle { frac { sum limit _ {k = 1} ^ {^ {N}} k ^ {2}} {a}}}$
Mahsulot	prod_{i = 1}^N x_men	${ displaystyle prod _ {i = 1} ^ {N} x_ {i}}$
Mahsulot (kuch textstyle)	textstyle prod_{i = 1}^N x_men	${ displaystyle textstyle prod _ {i = 1} ^ {N} x_ {i}}$
Qo'shimcha mahsulot	coprod_{i = 1}^N x_men	${ displaystyle coprod _ {i = 1} ^ {N} x_ {i}}$
Qo'shimcha mahsulot (kuch textstyle)	textstyle coprod_{i = 1}^N x_men	${ displaystyle textstyle coprod _ {i = 1} ^ {N} x_ {i}}$
Cheklov	lim_{n to infty}x_n	${ displaystyle lim _ {n to infty} x_ {n}}$
Cheklov (kuch textstyle)	textstyle lim_{n to infty}x_n	${ displaystyle textstyle lim _ {n to infty} x_ {n}}$
Ajralmas	int limitlar_{1}^{3} frac{e^3 / x}{x^2}\, dx	${ displaystyle int limits _ {1} ^ {3} { frac {e ^ {3} / x} {x ^ {2}}} , dx}$
Integral (muqobil chegaralar uslubi)	int_{1}^{3} frac{e^3 / x}{x^2}\, dx	${ displaystyle int _ {1} ^ {3} { frac {e ^ {3} / x} {x ^ {2}}} , dx}$
Ajralmas (kuch) textstyle)	textstyle int limitlar_{-N}^{N} e^x dx	${ displaystyle textstyle int limits _ {- N} ^ {N} e ^ {x} dx}$
Ajralmas (kuch) textstyle, muqobil chegaralar uslubi)	textstyle int_{-N}^{N} e^x dx	${ displaystyle textstyle int _ {- N} ^ {N} e ^ {x} dx}$
Ikki tomonlama integral	iint limitlar_Dx\,dy	${ displaystyle iint limitlar _ {D} dx , dy}$
Uchlik integral	iiint limitlar_E dx\,dy\,dz	${ displaystyle iiint limitlar _ {E} dx , dy , dz}$
To'rt marta integral	iiiint limitlar_F dx\,dy\,dz\,dt	${ displaystyle iiiint limitlar _ {F} dx , dy , dz , dt}$
Chiziq yoki yo'l integrali	int_{(x, y) in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	${ displaystyle int _ {(x, y) in C} x ^ {3} , dx + 4y ^ {2} , dy}$
Yopiq chiziq yoki yo'l integrali	oint_{(x, y) in C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy	${ displaystyle oint _ {(x, y) in C} x ^ {3} , dx + 4y ^ {2} , dy}$
Kesishmalar	bigcap_{i = 1}^n E._men	${ displaystyle bigcap _ {i = 1} ^ {n} E_ {i}}$
Kasaba uyushmalari	bigcup_{i = 1}^n E._men	${ displaystyle bigcup _ {i = 1} ^ {n} E_ {i}}$

Atributni ko'rsatish

The <math> yorlig'i olishi mumkin displey ning mumkin bo'lgan qiymatlari bilan atribut mos ravishda va blokirovka qilish.

Mos ravishda

Agar displey atributining qiymati inline bo'lsa, tarkib inline rejimida ko'rsatiladi; ya'ni tenglama uchun yangi paragraf bo'lmaydi va operatorlar vertikal bo'shliqni ozgina sarf qilishlari uchun ko'rsatiladi.

Misol

Yig'indisi ${ textstyle sum _ {i = 0} ^ { infty} 2 ^ {- i}}$ 2 ga yaqinlashadi.

Keyingi chiziq kengligi yirik operatorlar tomonidan bezovtalanmaydi.

Matematik misol uchun kod quyidagicha o'qiladi:

displey ="mos ravishda"> sum_ {i = 0} ^ infty 2 ^ {- i}</math>

Texnik dastur

Texnik jihatdan buyruq textstyle matn buyrug'i ko'rsatuvchiga o'tkazilishidan oldin foydalanuvchi kiritilishiga qo'shiladi. Natijada rasm yoki MathMLelement sahifaga chiqarilib, qo'shimcha formatlashsiz ko'rsatiladi.

Bloklash

Blok uslubida tenglama o'z xatboshisida va operatorlar kamroq gorizontal bo'shliqni sarf qilgan holda ko'rsatiladi.

Misol

Tenglama

$${ displaystyle { text {geometrik qator:}} quad { begin {aligned} sum _ {i = 0} ^ { infty} 2 ^ {- i} = 2 end {aligned}}}$$

Sifatida kiritilgan

displey ="blokirovka"> text {geometrik qator:} quad sum_ {i = 0} ^ infty 2 ^ {- i} = 2 </math>

Texnik dastur

Texnik jihatdan buyruq displaystyle agar foydalanuvchi kiritishda satr bo'lmasa, foydalanuvchi kiritishiga qo'shiladi displaystyle yoki align matn buyrug'i ko'rsatuvchiga o'tkazilishidan oldin. Natija yangi xatboshida ko'rsatiladi, shuning uchun MathImage uslubi o'zgartiriladi, ya'ni "display: block; margin: auto" uslub atributi qo'shiladi. MathML uchun display = inline displey bloki bilan almashtirilishi ta'minlanadi. yangi xatboshini yaratadi

Ko'rsatilmagan

Hech narsa ko'rsatilmagan bo'lsa, amaldagi xatti-harakatlar saqlanib qoladi. Bu shuni anglatadiki, barcha tenglamalar displey tarzida ko'rsatiladi, ammo yangi paragrafdan foydalanilmaydi.

Misol

Yig'indisi ${ displaystyle sum _ {i = 0} ^ { infty} 2 ^ {- i}}$ 2 ga yaqinlashadi.

Keyingi chiziq kengligi yirik operatorlar tomonidan bezovtalanmoqda.

Matematik misol uchun kod quyidagicha o'qiydi:

<math> sum_{i = 0}^ infty 2^{-i}</math>

Tenglama

${ displaystyle { text {geometrik qator:}} quad sum _ {i = 0} ^ { infty} 2 ^ {- i} = 2}$

Sifatida kiritilgan

<math> matn{geometrik qator:} quad sum_{i = 0}^ infty 2^{-i}= 2

Fraktsiyalar, matritsalar, multilines

Xususiyat	Sintaksis	Qanday ko'rsatiladi
Fraksiyalar	frac{2}{4}=0.5 yoki {2 ustida 4}=0.5	${ displaystyle { frac {2} {4}} = 0.5}$
Kichik fraktsiyalar (kuch textstyle)	tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5	${ displaystyle { tfrac {2} {4}} = 0.5}$
Katta (normal) kasrlar (kuch) displaystyle)	dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 qquad dfrac{2}{c + dfrac{2}{d + dfrac{2}{4}}} = a	${ displaystyle { dfrac {2} {4}} = 0.5 qquad { dfrac {2} {c + { dfrac {2} {d + { dfrac {2} {4}}}}}}} = a}$
Katta (ichki) kasrlar	cfrac{2}{c + cfrac{2}{d + cfrac{2}{4}}} = a	${ displaystyle { cfrac {2} {c + { cfrac {2} {d + { cfrac {2} {4}}}}}} = a}$
Fraktsiyalardagi bekor qilish	cfrac{x}{1 + cfrac{ bekor qilish{y}}{ bekor qilish{y}}} = cfrac{x}{2}	${ displaystyle { cfrac {x} {1 + { cfrac { bekor {y}} { bekor qilish {y}}}}} = { cfrac {x} {2}}}$
Binomial koeffitsientlar	binom{n}{k}	${ displaystyle { binom {n} {k}}}$
Kichik binomial koeffitsientlar (kuch textstyle)	tbinom{n}{k}	${ displaystyle { tbinom {n} {k}}}$
Katta (normal) binomial koeffitsientlar (kuch displaystyle)	dbinom{n}{k}	${ displaystyle { dbinom {n} {k}}}$
Matritsalar	oshlash{matritsa}x & y \\z & voxiri{matritsa}	${ displaystyle { begin {matrix} x & y z & v end {matrix}}}$
	oshlash{vmatrix}x & y \\z & voxiri{vmatrix}	${ displaystyle { begin {vmatrix} x & y z & v end {vmatrix}}}$
	oshlash{Vmatrix}x & y \\z & voxiri{Vmatrix}	${ displaystyle { begin {Vmatrix} x & y z & v end {Vmatrix}}}$
	oshlash{bmatrix}0 & cdots & 0 \\ vdots & ddots & vdots \\0 & cdots & 0oxiri{bmatrix}	${ displaystyle { begin {bmatrix} 0 & cdots & 0 vdots & ddots & vdots 0 & cdots & 0 end {bmatrix}}}$
	oshlash{Bmatrix}x & y \\z & voxiri{Bmatrix}	${ displaystyle { begin {Bmatrix} x & y z & v end {Bmatrix}}}$
	oshlash{pmatrix}x & y \\z & voxiri{pmatrix}	${ displaystyle { begin {pmatrix} x & y z & v end {pmatrix}}}$
	bigl( oshlash{kichkina matritsa}a&b\\ v&doxiri{kichkina matritsa} bigr)	${ displaystyle { bigl (} { begin {smallmatrix} a & b c & d end {smallmatrix}} { bigr)}}$
Ishning farqlari	f (n) =oshlash{holatlar}n / 2, & matn{agar }n matn{ hatto} \\3n + 1, & matn{agar }n matn{ g'alati}oxiri{holatlar}	${ displaystyle f (n) = { begin {case} n / 2, & { text {if}} n { text {even}}} 3n + 1, & { text {if}} n { text {g'alati}}} oxir {holatlar}}}$
Ko'p qatorli tenglamalar	oshlash{tekislang}f (x) & = (a + b)^2 \\& = a^2 + 2ab + b^2 \\oxiri{tekislang}	${ displaystyle { begin {aligned} f (x) & = (a + b) ^ {2} & = a ^ {2} + 2ab + b ^ {2} end {aligned}}}$
	oshlash{alignat}{2}f (x) & = (a-b)^2 \\& = a^2-2ab + b^2 \\oxiri{alignat}	${ displaystyle { begin {alignedat} {2} f (x) & = (ab) ^ {2} & = a ^ {2} -2ab + b ^ {2} end {alignedat}} }$
Ko'p qatorli tenglamalar (ishlatilgan ustunlar sonini belgilashi kerak ({lcl})) (agar kerak bo'lsa ishlatilmasligi kerak)	oshlash{qator}{lcl}z & = & a \\f (x, y, z) & = & x + y + zoxiri{qator}	${ displaystyle { begin {array} {lcl} z & = & a f (x, y, z) & = & x + y + z end {array}}}$
Ko'p qatorli tenglamalar (ko'proq)	oshlash{qator}{lcr}z & = & a \\f (x, y, z) & = & x + y + zoxiri{qator}	${ displaystyle { begin {array} {lcr} z & = & a f (x, y, z) & = & x + y + z end {array}}}$
To'g'ri oraliqni yo'q qilish hisobiga, kerak bo'lganda o'ralishi uchun uzun ifodani buzish	$f\; (x)$\,\! $=$ sum_{n = 0}^ infty a_n x^n $=\; a$_0 + a_1x + a_2x^2+ cdots</math>	${ displaystyle f (x) , !}$${ displaystyle = sum _ {n = 0} ^ { infty} a_ {n} x ^ {n}}$${ displaystyle = a_ {0} + a_ {1} x + a_ {2} x ^ {2} + cdots}$
Bir vaqtning o'zida tenglamalar	oshlash{holatlar}3x + 5y + z \\7x - 2y + 4z \\-6x + 3y + 2zoxiri{holatlar}	${ displaystyle { begin {case} 3x + 5y + z 7x-2y + 4z - 6x + 3y + 2z end {case}}}$
Massivlar	oshlash{qator}{| c | c | c |} a & b & S \\ hline0 & 0 & 1 \\0 & 1 & 1 \\1 & 0 & 1 \\1 & 1 & 0 \\oxiri{qator}	${ displaystyle { begin {array} {| c | c | c |} a & b & S hline 0 & 0 & 1 0 & 1 & 1 1 & 0 & 1 1 & 1 & 0 end {array}}}$

Katta iboralar, qavslar, chiziqlarni parantezlash

Xususiyat	Sintaksis	Qanday ko'rsatiladi
NYomon	( frac{1}{2} )^n	${ displaystyle ({ frac {1} {2}}) ^ {n}}$
YaxshiY	chap ( frac{1}{2} right )^n	${ displaystyle chap ({ frac {1} {2}} o'ng) ^ {n}}$

Chap va o'ng bilan har xil ajratuvchilardan foydalanishingiz mumkin:

Xususiyat	Sintaksis	Qanday ko'rsatiladi
Qavslar	chap ( frac{a}{b} right )	${ displaystyle chap ({ frac {a} {b}} o'ng)}$
Qavslar	chap [ frac{a}{b} right ] quad chap lbrack frac{a}{b} right rbrack	${ displaystyle left [{ frac {a} {b}} right] quad left lbrack { frac {a} {b}} right rbrack}$
Qavslar	chap \{ frac{a}{b} right \} quad chap lbrace frac{a}{b} right rbrace	${ displaystyle left {{ frac {a} {b}} right } quad left lbrace { frac {a} {b}} right rbrace}$
Burchak qavslari	chap langle frac{a}{b} right rangle	${ displaystyle left langle { frac {a} {b}} right rangle}$
Baralar va ikki baralar	chap | frac{a}{b} right vert quad chap Vert frac{v}{d} right \|	${ displaystyle left | { frac {a} {b}} right vert quad left Vert { frac {c} {d}} right |}$
Er va shipning funktsiyalari:	chap l qavat frac{a}{b} right rfloor quad chap lceil frac{v}{d} right rceil	${ displaystyle left lfloor { frac {a} {b}} right rfloor quad left lceil { frac {c} {d}} right rceil}$
Slashlar va orqa chiziqlar	chap / frac{a}{b} right backslash	${displaystyle left/{frac {a}{b}} ightackslash }$
Up, down, and up-down arrows	chap uparrow frac{a}{b} right downarrow quad chap Uparrow frac{a}{b} right Downarrow quad chap updownarrow frac{a}{b} right Updownarrow	${displaystyle leftuparrow {frac {a}{b}} ightdownarrow quad leftUparrow {frac {a}{b}} ightDownarrow quad leftupdownarrow {frac {a}{b}} ightUpdownarrow }$
Delimiters can be mixed, as long as left and ight match	chap [ 0,1 right ) chap langle psi right |	${displaystyle left[0,1 ight)}$ ${displaystyle leftlangle psi ight|}$
Use left. and ight. if you do not want a delimiter to appear	chap . frac{A}{B} right \} to X	${displaystyle left.{frac {A}{B}} ight} o X}$
Size of the delimiters (add "l" or "r" to indicate the side for proper spacing)	( igl( Bigl( iggl( Biggl( nuqta Biggr] iggr] Bigr] igr] ]	${displaystyle ({igl (}{Bigl (}{iggl (}{Biggl (}dots {Biggr ]}{iggr ]}{Bigr ]}{igr ]}]}$
	\{ igl{ Bigl{ iggl{ Biggl{ nuqta Biggr angle iggr angle Bigr angle igr angle rangle	${displaystyle {{igl {}{Bigl {}{iggl {}{Biggl {}dots {Biggr angle }{iggr angle }{Bigr angle }{igr angle } angle }$
	\| ig| Big| igg| Bigg| nuqta Bigg| igg| Big| ig| |	${displaystyle |{ig |}{Big |}{igg |}{Bigg |}dots {Bigg |}{igg |}{Big |}{ig |}|}$
	lfloor igllfloor Bigllfloor iggllfloor Biggllfloor nuqta Biggr ceil iggr ceil Bigr ceil igr ceil ceil	${displaystyle lfloor {igl lfloor }{Bigl lfloor }{iggl lfloor }{Biggl lfloor }dots {Biggr ceil }{iggr ceil }{Bigr ceil }{igr ceil } ceil }$
	uparrow iguparrow Biguparrow igguparrow Bigg uparrow nuqta BiggDownarrow iggDownarrow BigDownarrow igDownarrow Downarrow	${displaystyle uparrow {ig uparrow }{Big uparrow }{igg uparrow }{Bigg uparrow }dots {Bigg Downarrow }{igg Downarrow }{Big Downarrow }{ig Downarrow }Downarrow }$
	updownarrow igupdownarrow Bigupdownarrow iggupdownarrow Biggupdownarrow nuqta BiggUpdownarrow iggUpdownarrow BigUpdownarrow igUpdownarrow Updownarrow	${displaystyle updownarrow {ig updownarrow }{Big updownarrow }{igg updownarrow }{Bigg updownarrow }dots {Bigg Updownarrow }{igg Updownarrow }{Big Updownarrow }{ig Updownarrow }Updownarrow }$
	/ ig/ Big/ igg/ Bigg/ nuqta Biggackslash iggackslash Bigackslash igackslash ackslash	${displaystyle /{ig /}{Big /}{igg /}{Bigg /}dots {Bigg ackslash }{igg ackslash }{Big ackslash }{ig ackslash }ackslash }$

Equation numbering

The templates {{NumBlk}} va {{EquationRef}} can be used to number equations. Shablon {{EquationNote}} can be used to refer to a numbered equation from surrounding text. For example, the following syntax:

{{NumBlk|:|$x^2\; +\; y^2\; +\; z^2\; =\; 1$|{{EquationRef|1}}}}

produces the following result (note the equation number in the right margin):

${displaystyle x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=1}$

(1)

Later on, the text can refer to this equation by its number using syntax like this:

As seen in equation ({{EquationNote|1}}), blah blah blah...

The result looks like this:

Tenglamada ko'rinib turganidek (1), blah blah blah...

The equation number produced by {{EquationNote}} is a link that the user can click to go immediately to the cited equation.

Alphabets and typefaces

Texvc cannot render arbitrary Unicode belgilar. Those it can handle can be entered by the expressions below. Kabi boshqalar uchun Kirillcha, they can be entered as Unicode or HTML entities in running text, but cannot be used in displayed formulas.

Yunon alifbosi
Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon eta Eta Theta	${displaystyle mathrm {A} mathrm {B} Gamma Delta mathrm {E} mathrm {Z} mathrm {H} Theta }$
Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi	${displaystyle mathrm {I} mathrm {K} Lambda mathrm {M} mathrm {N} Xi mathrm {O} Pi }$
Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega	${displaystyle mathrm {P} Sigma mathrm {T} Upsilon Phi mathrm {X} Psi Omega }$
alfa beta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta theta	${displaystyle alpha eta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta heta }$
iota kappa lambda mu nu xi omicron pi	${displaystyle iota kappa lambda mu u xi mathrm {o} pi }$
rho sigma tau upsilon phi chi psi omega	${displaystyle ho sigma au upsilon phi chi psi omega }$
varGamma varDelta varTheta varLambda varXi varPi varSigma varPhi varUpsilon varOmega	${displaystyle varGamma varDelta varTheta varLambda varXi varPi varSigma varPhi varUpsilon varOmega }$
varepsilon digamma varkappa varpi varrho varsigma vartheta varphi	${displaystyle varepsilon digamma varkappa varpi varrho varsigma vartheta varphi }$
Hebrew symbols
aleph beth gimel daleth	${displaystyle aleph eth gimel daleth }$
Blackboard bold/scripts
mathbb{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle mathbb {ABCDEFGHI} }$
mathbb{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle mathbb {JKLMNOPQR} }$
mathbb{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle mathbb {STUVWXYZ} }$
Qalin yuz
mathbf{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle mathbf {ABCDEFGHI} }$
mathbf{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle mathbf {JKLMNOPQR} }$
mathbf{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle mathbf {STUVWXYZ} }$
mathbf{abcdefghijklm}	${displaystyle mathbf {abcdefghijklm} }$
mathbf{nopqrstuvwxyz}	${displaystyle mathbf {nopqrstuvwxyz} }$
mathbf{0123456789}	${displaystyle mathbf {0123456789} }$
Boldface (Greek)
oldsymbol{Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon eta Eta Theta}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {mathrm {A} mathrm {B} Gamma Delta mathrm {E} mathrm {Z} mathrm {H} Theta }}}$
oldsymbol{Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {mathrm {I} mathrm {K} Lambda mathrm {M} mathrm {N} Xi mathrm {O} Pi }}}$
oldsymbol{Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {mathrm {P} Sigma mathrm {T} Upsilon Phi mathrm {X} Psi Omega }}}$
oldsymbol{ alfa beta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta theta}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {alpha eta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta heta }}}$
oldsymbol{ iota kappa lambda mu nu xi omicron pi}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {iota kappa lambda mu u xi mathrm {o} pi }}}$
oldsymbol{ rho sigma tau upsilon phi chi psi omega}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol { ho sigma au upsilon phi chi psi omega }}}$
oldsymbol{varepsilondigammavarkappavarpi}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {varepsilon digamma varkappa varpi }}}$
oldsymbol{varrhovarsigmavarthetavarphi}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {varrho varsigma vartheta varphi }}}$
Italics (default for Latin alphabet)
mathit{0123456789}	${displaystyle {mathit {0123456789}}}$
Greek italics (default for lowercase Greek)
mathit{Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon eta Eta Theta}	${displaystyle {mathit {mathrm {A} mathrm {B} Gamma Delta mathrm {E} mathrm {Z} mathrm {H} Theta }}}$
mathit{Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi}	${displaystyle {mathit {mathrm {I} mathrm {K} Lambda mathrm {M} mathrm {N} Xi mathrm {O} Pi }}}$
mathit{Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega}	${displaystyle {mathit {Sigma mathrm {T} Upsilon Phi mathrm {X} Psi Omega }}}$
Greek uppercase boldface italics
oldsymbol{varGamma varDelta varTheta varLambda}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {varGamma varDelta varTheta varLambda }}}$
oldsymbol{varXi varPi varSigma varUpsilon varOmega}	${displaystyle {oldsymbol {varXi varPi varSigma varUpsilon varOmega }}}$
Rim yozuvlari
mathrm{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle mathrm {ABCDEFGHI} }$
mathrm{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle mathrm {JKLMNOPQR} }$
mathrm{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle mathrm {STUVWXYZ} }$
mathrm{abcdefghijklm}	${displaystyle mathrm {abcdefghijklm} }$
mathrm{nopqrstuvwxyz}	${displaystyle mathrm {nopqrstuvwxyz} }$
mathrm{0123456789}	${displaystyle mathrm {0123456789} }$
Sans serif
mathsf{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle {mathsf {ABCDEFGHI}}}$
mathsf{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle {mathsf {JKLMNOPQR}}}$
mathsf{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle {mathsf {STUVWXYZ}}}$
mathsf{abcdefghijklm}	${displaystyle {mathsf {abcdefghijklm}}}$
mathsf{nopqrstuvwxyz}	${displaystyle {mathsf {nopqrstuvwxyz}}}$
mathsf{0123456789}	${displaystyle {mathsf {0123456789}}}$
Sans serif Greek (capital only)
mathsf{Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon eta Eta Theta}	${displaystyle {mathsf {mathrm {A} mathrm {B} Gamma Delta mathrm {E} mathrm {Z} mathrm {H} Theta }}}$
mathsf{Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi}	${displaystyle {mathsf {mathrm {I} mathrm {K} Lambda mathrm {M} mathrm {N} Xi mathrm {O} Pi }}}$
mathsf{Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega}	${displaystyle {mathsf {Sigma mathrm {T} Upsilon Phi mathrm {X} Psi Omega }}}$
Calligraphy/script
mathcal{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle {mathcal {ABCDEFGHI}}}$
mathcal{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle {mathcal {JKLMNOPQR}}}$
mathcal{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle {mathcal {STUVWXYZ}}}$
Fraktur typeface
mathfrak{ABCDEFGHI}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {ABCDEFGHI}}}$
mathfrak{JKLMNOPQR}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {JKLMNOPQR}}}$
mathfrak{STUVWXYZ}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {STUVWXYZ}}}$
mathfrak{abcdefghijklm}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {abcdefghijklm}}}$
mathfrak{nopqrstuvwxyz}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {nopqrstuvwxyz}}}$
mathfrak{0123456789}	${displaystyle {mathfrak {0123456789}}}$
Small scriptstyle text
{scriptstyle ext{abcdefghijklm}}	${displaystyle {scriptstyle { ext{abcdefghijklm}}}}$