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Isotopen van thallium
Es Chemisches ElementThallium (Tl), mit a Atommasse ab 204.3833(2) Sie, besitzt 2 Stall Isotope: 203tl und 205Tl, von denen letzteres am häufigsten vorkommt (etwa 70,5%). Die 36 Radioisotope sind instabil und haben eine relativ kurze Halbwertszeit (meistens weniger als eins). zweite). Alle stabilen Isotope werden vermutet -zerfallen zu stabilen Isotopen von unterliegen Gold. Spuren der Radioisotope finden sich auch in der Natur 206tl, 207tl, 208tl und 210tl für.
Das kurzlebige Isotop von Thallium ist 176Tl, mit einer Halbwertszeit von etwa 5,2 Millisekunden. Die langlebigste ist 204Tl, mit einer Halbwertszeit von 3,78 Jahr.
Überblick
| Nuklid | Z (p) | N (nein) | Isotope Masse (u) | halbes Leben | Radioaktiver Zerfall | VP | Kernspin | Isotopenverhältnis (Molenbruch) | Natürliches Vorkommen (Molbruch) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anregungsenergie | |||||||||
| 176tl | 81 | 95 | 176,00059(21) | 5,2 ms | (3−, 4−, 5−) | ||||
| 177tl | 81 | 100 | 176,996427(27) | 18(5) Millisekunden | p | 176Hg | (1/2) | ||
| α (selten) | 173au | ||||||||
| 177mtl | 807(18) keV | 230(40) µs | p | 176Hg | (11/2−) | ||||
| α | 173au | ||||||||
| 178tl | 81 | 97 | 177,99490(12) | 255(10) ms | α | 174au | |||
| p (selten) | 177Hg | ||||||||
| 179tl | 81 | 98 | 178,99109(5) | 270 (30) ms | α | 175au | (1/2) | ||
| p (selten) | 178Hg | ||||||||
| 179 mtl | 860 (30) keV | 1,60(16) ms | α | 175au | (9/2−) | ||||
| ES (selten) | 179tl | ||||||||
| 180tl | 81 | 99 | 179,98991(13) | 1,5(2) s | (75%) | 176au | |||
| β (25%) | 180Hg | ||||||||
| β, Spaltung (10−4%) | 100ähm, 80kr | ||||||||
| 181tl | 81 | 100 | 180,986257(10) | 3.2(3) s | α | 177au | 1/2 | ||
| β | 181Hg | ||||||||
| 181mtl | 857(29) keV | 1,7(4) ms | α | 177au | 9/2− | ||||
| β | 181Hg | ||||||||
| 182tl | 81 | 101 | 181,98567(8) | 2,0(3) Sek. | β (96%) | 182Hg | 2− | ||
| (4%) | 178au | ||||||||
| 182m1tl | 100(100) keV | 2,9(5) Sek. | α | 178au | (7) | ||||
| β (selten) | 182Hg | ||||||||
| 182m2tl | 600(140) keV | 10− | |||||||
| 183tl | 81 | 102 | 182,982193(10) | 6.9(7) s | β (98%) | 183Hg | 1/2 | ||
| (2%) | 179au | ||||||||
| 183m1tl | 630(17) keV | 53,3(3) ms | IT (99,99%) | 183tl | 9/2− | ||||
| (0,01%) | 179au | ||||||||
| 183m2tl | 976,8(3) keV | 1,48(10) µs | (13/2) | ||||||
| 184tl | 81 | 103 | 183,98187(5) | 9.7(6) s | β | 184Hg | 2− | ||
| 184m1tl | 100(100) keV | 10 Sekunden | β (97,9%) | 184Hg | 7 | ||||
| (2,1%) | 180au | ||||||||
| 184m2tl | 500(140) keV | > 20 ns | (10−) | ||||||
| 185tl | 81 | 104 | 184,97879(6) | 19,5(5) s | α | 181au | 1/2 | ||
| β | 185Hg | ||||||||
| 185mtl | 452,8(20) keV | 1,93(8) s | IT (99,99%) | 185tl | 9/2− | ||||
| (0,01%) | 181au | ||||||||
| β | 185Hg | ||||||||
| 186tl | 81 | 105 | 185,97833(20) | 40 s | β | 186Hg | (2−) | ||
| (0,006%) | 182au | ||||||||
| 186m1tl | 320(180) keV | 27,5(10) s | β | 186Hg | (7) | ||||
| 186m2tl | 690(180) keV | 2,9(2) Sek. | (10−) | ||||||
| 187tl | 81 | 106 | 186,975906(9) | ± 51 Sek. | β | 187Hg | (1/2) | ||
| (selten) | 183au | ||||||||
| 187mtl | 335(3) keV | 15.60(12) s | α | 183au | (9/2−) | ||||
| ES | 187tl | ||||||||
| β | 187Hg | ||||||||
| 188tl | 81 | 107 | 187,97601(4) | 71(2) s | β | 188Hg | (2−) | ||
| 188m1tl | 40(30) keV | 71(1) s | β | 188Hg | (7) | ||||
| 188m2tl | 310(30) keV | 41(4) Millisekunden | (9−) | ||||||
| 189tl | 81 | 108 | 188,973588(12) | 2,3 (2) Minuten | β | 189Hg | (1/2) | ||
| 189mtl | 257,6(13) keV | 1,4(1) Minuten | β (96%) | 189Hg | (9/2−) | ||||
| IT (4%) | 189tl | ||||||||
| 190tl | 81 | 109 | 189,97388(5) | 2,6(3) min | β | 190Hg | 2− | ||
| 190m1tl | 130(90) keV | 3,7(3) Minuten | β | 190Hg | 7 | ||||
| 190m2tl | 290(70) keV | 750(40) µs | (8−) | ||||||
| 190m3tl | 410(70) keV | > 1 µs | 9− | ||||||
| 191tl | 81 | 110 | 190,971786(8) | 20 Minuten | β | 191Hg | (1/2) | ||
| 191mtl | 297(7) keV | 5,22(16) min | β | 191Hg | 9/2− | ||||
| 192tl | 81 | 111 | 191,97223(3) | 9,6(4) Minuten | β | 192Hg | (2−) | ||
| 192m1tl | 160(50) keV | 10,8 (2) Minuten | β | 192Hg | (7) | ||||
| 192m2tl | 407(54) keV | 296(5) ns | (8−) | ||||||
| 193tl | 81 | 112 | 192,97067(12) | 21,6(8) min | β | 193Hg | 1/2 | ||
| 193mtl | 369(4) keV | 2,11(15) min | IT (75%) | 193tl | 9/2− | ||||
| β (25%) | 193Hg | ||||||||
| 194tl | 81 | 113 | 193,97120(15) | 33,0(5) min | β | 194Hg | 2− | ||
| (10−7%) | 190au | ||||||||
| 194mtl | 300(200) keV | 32,8 (2) Minuten | β | 194Hg | (7) | ||||
| 195tl | 81 | 114 | 194,969774(15) | 1,16(5) Stunden | β | 195Hg | 1/2 | ||
| 195mtl | 482,63(17) keV | 3,6(4) s | ES | 195tl | 9/2− | ||||
| 196tl | 81 | 115 | 195,970481(13) | 1,84(3) Stunden | β | 196Hg | 2− | ||
| 196mtl | 394,2(5) keV | 1,41(2) Stunden | β (95,5%) | 196Hg | (7) | ||||
| IT (4,5%) | 196tl | ||||||||
| 197tl | 81 | 116 | 196,969575(18) | 2,84(4) Stunden | β | 197Hg | 1/2 | ||
| 197mtl | 608.22(8) keV | 540(10) ms | ES | 197tl | 9/2− | ||||
| 198tl | 81 | 117 | 197,97048(9) | 5.3(5) Stunden | β | 198Hg | 2− | ||
| 198m1tl | 543,5(4) keV | 1,87(3) Stunden | β (54%) | 198Hg | 7 | ||||
| IT (46%) | 198tl | ||||||||
| 198m2tl | 687.2(5) keV | 150(40) ns | (5) | ||||||
| 198m3tl | 742.3(4) keV | 32,1(10) ms | (10−) | ||||||
| 199tl | 81 | 118 | 198,96988(3) | 7,42(8) Stunden | β | 199Hg | 1/2 | ||
| 199mtl | 749,7(3) keV | 28,4(2) ms | ES | 199tl | 9/2− | ||||
| 200tl | 81 | 119 | 199,970963(6) | 26,1(1) Stunden | β | 200Hg | 2− | ||
| 200m1tl | 753,6(2) keV | 34,3(10) ms | ES | 200tl | 7 | ||||
| 200m2tl | 762.0(2) keV | 0,33(5) µs | 5 | ||||||
| 201tl | 81 | 120 | 200,970819(16) | 72.912(17) Stunden | EV | 201Hg | 1/2 | ||
| 201mtl | 919,50(9) keV | 2.035(7) ms m | ES | 201tl | (9/2−) | ||||
| 202tl | 81 | 121 | 201,972106(16) | 12.23(2) Tage | β | 202Hg | 2− | ||
| 202mtl | 950,19(10) keV | 572(7) µs | 7 | ||||||
| 203tl | 81 | 122 | 202,9723442(14) | stabil | 1/2 | 0,2952(1) | 0,29494 - 0,29528 | ||
| 203mtl | 3400(300) keV | 7,7(5) µs | (25/2) | ||||||
| 204tl | 81 | 123 | 203,9738635(13) | 3,78(2) Jahre | β− (97,1%) | 204PN | 2− | ||
| EV (2,9 %) | 204Hg | ||||||||
| 204m1tl | 1104.0(4) keV | 63(2) µs | 7 | ||||||
| 204m2tl | 2500(500) keV | 2,6 (2) µs | (12−) | ||||||
| 204m3tl | 3500(500) keV | 1,6(2) µs | (20) | ||||||
| 205tl | 81 | 124 | 204,9744275(14) | stabil | 1/2 | 0,7048(1) | 0,70472 - 0,70506 | ||
| 205m1tl | 3290,63(17) keV | 2,6 (2) µs | 25/2 | ||||||
| 205m2tl | 4835,6(15) keV | 235(10) ns | (35/2−) | ||||||
| 206tl | 81 | 125 | 205,9761103(15) | 4.200(17) min | β− | 206PN | 0− | Spuren | |
| 206mtl | 2643.11(19) keV | 3,74(3) min | ES | 206tl | (12−) | ||||
| 207tl | 81 | 126 | 206,977419(6) | 4,77 (2) Minuten | β− | 207PN | 1/2 | Spuren | |
| 207mtl | 1348.1(3) keV | 1,33(11) s | IT (99,9%) | 207tl | 11/2− | ||||
| β− (0,1%) | 207PN | ||||||||
| 208tl | 81 | 127 | 207,9820187(21) | 3.053(4) Min4) | β− | 208PN | 5 | Spuren | |
| 209tl | 81 | 128 | 208,985359(8) | 2.161(7) Minuten | β− | 209PN | (1/2) | ||
| 210tl | 81 | 129 | 209,990074(12) | 1,30(3) min | β− (99,991%) | 210PN | (5) | Spuren | |
| β−, nein (0,009%) | 209PN | ||||||||
| 211tl | 81 | 130 | 210,99348(22) | 1 Minute | 1/2 | ||||
| 212tl | 81 | 131 | 211,99823(32) | 30 Sekunden | 5 | ||||
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